L16 & 17 : corynrbacterium and actinomyetes Flashcards
spore forming aerobic gram positive bacteria :
spore forming anaerobic gram positive bacteria :
non spore forming non-filimentous gram positive bacteria :
non-spore forming filimentous aerobic gram positive bacteria :
non spore forming filimentous anaerobic bacteria:
bacillus
clostredium
corynebacterium . listria
nocardia
actinomyces
whats inside the swollen end of C. diphtherea ?
phosphate polymers : volutin , ernst babe granules , metachromatic granules
who are the hosts of C. diphtherea ?
humans
where does C.diphtherea infection often stem from ?
carries
how is C. diphtheria transmitted?
inhilation or contact
what does C.diphtherieas exotoxin do to cells ?
prevent protein synthesis (coded by bacteriophage , beta phage toxin synthesized during lysogenic phase )
which bacteria produces a pseudo membrane in local inflammation on the mucosal surface of the throat ?
C. diphtherea , membrane can cause airway obstruction if it reaches the larynx
Diffusion of C.diphtherea exotoxin into blood can result in :”
myocarditis
peripheral neuritis
paralysis of arms and legs
visual disturbances
how is active immunity prophylaxis against C. diphtherea achieved ?
formol toxoid + pertissis vaccine + tetanus toxoid ( DTaP)
how is passive immunity against C. diphtherea achieved ?
by giving anti-toxin serum
which bacteria is described as the transitional form between bacteria and fungi ?
Actinomycetes
under what aerobic conditions does actinomycetes grow?
anerobic / microaerophillic
actinomycetes are non acid fast
fr
where is actinomycetes normally present ?
oral cavity ( A. israelli)
vagina
intestinal mucosa
which organism has a sunshine ray like apperance under microscope?
Actinomycetes
chronic granulomatous infection ;
actinomycosis
what can cause an actinomycetes infection?
trauma , foreign bodies , or poor oral hygiene
dental disease/ surgery or chronic mastoiditis can cause which type of actinomycosis ?>
cervicofacial actinomycosis
how does farmers lung happen
?
hypersensitivity pneumonitis : imhilation of mouldy hay (actinomyces)
whats the most common source of systemic and CNS nocardia infection?
nocardia asteroids (80% non cutaneous )
whats the most virulent and most resistant form of nocardia ?
nocardia farcinica
which type of nocardia affects the skin , and cutaneous lymphocutaneous tissue ?
which type of nocardia affects the skin , and cutaneous lymphocutaneous tissue ?
nocardia brasiliensis
which bacteria is partially acid fast ?
nocardia
what are some factors that may predispose a patient to nocardia infection?
pre-existing lung disease (COPD)
chronic steroid use
transplant recipient
HIV / AIDS
What illnesses can be caused by nocardia ?
lungs : pneumonia
skin : ulcer , nodules
cns : brain abscess
eyes : keroitis
how does disseminated nocardia spread?
from lung to other organs through blood stream
what is the source of nocardia ?
mud , compost , and rotting vegetables
how is nocardia spread?
inhalation
innoculation into wound ( madura foot - actinomycotic mycetoma )
brain abscess
kidney infections
