L37,38 :pathogenic protazoans Flashcards
what is the active feeding stage of a protozoal parasite ?
trophozite
what is the inactive form of a protozoal parasite ?
oocyst/cyst
Entamoeba histolytica forms a cyst with how many nuclei ?
4
which non-pathogenic amoeba inhabits the oral cavity ?
entamoeba gingivalis
what are the presenting forms of entamoeba gingivalis ?
trophozite form only , no cyst
how is entamoeba gingivalis transmitted?
kissing or sharing eating utensils
entamoeba gingivalis is common in which group of people ?
people with poor oral hygiene and patients with periodontal disease . diseased periodontal tissue and associated actinomyces spp. provide a favorable environment for organism to develop
flagellated aerotolerant protazoan in oral cavity :
trichomonas tenax
presence of trichomonas tenax is considerably higher in __
patients with more dental calculus , coated tongue and poorly cleaned periodontal tissue
what is the obly state of trichomonas tenax?
flagellated vegitative state
intestinal protazoa ?
giardia lamblia
what disease does giardia lamblia cause?
giardiosis: watery foul smelling diarrhea + malabsorbtion syndrome : steotorrhea
smiling ghost appearance :
giardia lamblia
lab diagnosis of cryptosporidium hominis ?
acid fast staining ,
direct flurescent antibody enzyeme
immunoassy for antigen detection
PCR
Urogenital protozoans :
trichomonas vaginalis
diseases caused by trichomonas vaginalis and route of transmission ?
trichomoniosis
foul smelling greenish vaginal discharge in women , asymptomatic in men
route of transmission : sexual contact
what organism causes toxiplasmosis ?
toxoplasma gondii
which microorganism has members of the Felidae family as their definitive hosts ?
toxoplasma gondii (oocyst shed in cats feces )
malaria causing plasmodium spp.:
P.falciparum (potentially deadly )
P.vivax
P.malariae
P.ovale
which malaria causing plasmodium species is potentially deadly ?
P. falciparum
asexual schizogony and sexual gametogony of plasmodium species occurs in :
humans
sexual sporogony of plasmodium spp. occurs in :
mosquitos
relapse of plasmodium infection occurs due to :
hypnozoites in liver
what is the infective form of plasmodium spp.;
sporozoites
how are plasmodium spp. transmitted?
female anopheles mosquitoes
complications of infection by plasmodium falciparum :
more infected RBCs - occlusion of organ capillaries by RBC
massive hemorrhages and necrosis
cerebral malaria
hemoglobinuria : black water fever ( can lead to acute renal failure)
gametocyte of plasmodium falciparum shape:
trophozite shape:
bean of banana shaped
kinda like a smiling cell , ironic
which organism causes seeping sickness ?
west African sleeping sickness : tryponosoma bruci Ambiense
east african sleeping sickness :tryponosoma bruci rhodesiense
how is Trypanosoma brucei transmitted ?
tsetse fly bite . it injects metacyclic trypomastigotes into skin tissue
trypomastigots is seen where in early stages and where in late stages?
early: blood
late : CSF
Vector of Trypanosoma cruzi ?
kissing bug / reduviid / Triatoma , deposits trypomastigotes in feces near bite wound (in blood)— amastigotes intracellularly
what disease does leishmania cause?
kala-azan (visceral leishmaniasis )–>sleenomegaly , muscle wasting , and hyperpigmented skin
vector of leishmania donovani:
reservoir for leishmania donovani :
sandfly
dogs , foxes and rodents
life cycle of leishmania donovani :
sand fly : promastigotes –> fly bites human —> promastigotes enter blood macrophages , forming amostigotes (intracellular in humans)
