L41,42 : systemic and oppurtunistic mycoses

Question 1

what causes valley fever / desert rheumatisim ?

Answer 1

coccidioides immitis : mainly pulmonary infection

Question 2

transmission of coccidioides immitis :

Answer 2

inhalation

Question 3

coccidioides immitis dimorphism :

Answer 3

37 degrees –> spherule endospore

25 degrees –> mold arthrospores

Question 4

which microorganism has a piolet or mariners wheel appearance ?

Answer 4

paracoccidiodies brasiliensis

Question 5

which organism caused south american blastomycosis ?

Answer 5

paracoccidiodies brasiliensis

Question 6

first sign of paracoccidiodies brasiliensis ?

Answer 6

cervical lymphadenopathy

Question 7

dimorphic fungus with broad bassed budding yeast :

Answer 7

blastomyces dermatitis

Question 8

organism causing histoplasmosis or darlings disease?

Answer 8

histoplasma capsulatum

Question 9

severe blastomyces dermatitis can result in :

Answer 9

pneumonia

Question 10

mold of histoplasma capsulatum :

yeast:

Answer 10

tuberculate macroconidia

intracellular , infects WBC

Question 11

Where can histoplasma capsulatum be found :

Answer 11

abandoned buildings , feces of bats , chickens , and other birds (high nitrogen concentration places

Question 12

which organism causes intracellular infection of reticulo endothelial system ?

Answer 12

histoplasma capsulatum

Question 13

narrow neck budding :

Answer 13

histoplasma capsulatum

Question 14

nodular oral lesions :

Answer 14

histoplasma capsulatum

cryptococcosis

Question 15

which organism can be transmitted through aerosols in shower heads and water tanks ?

Answer 15

aspergillus

Question 16

what are the 3 form of oral aspergillus ?

Answer 16

saprophytic : fungal growth without invasion into viable tissue

allergic : hypersensitivity reaction to fungal hyphae

invasive : viable tissue is invaded by fungus , resulting in severe necrosis

Question 17

aspergillus spp: A. fumigatus

A.flavus

Answer 17

fr

Question 18

causative agents for zygomycosis (mucormycosis );

Answer 18

Mucor
Rhizopus
Absidia
Rhizomucor spp.

no person to person transmission

Question 19

at risk populations for zygomycosis (mucormycosis ) infection:

Answer 19

diabetes patients with ketoacidosis

leukemia patients

patients who have received organ transplants

patients with extensive burns

bone marrow transplant patients

Question 20

which organism has a dented helmet appearance ?

Answer 20

pneumocystis jiroveci

Question 21

stain used for cyst wall of pneumocystis jiroveci:

Answer 21

gomori mathenamine silver stain

Question 22

candida is normal flora where:

Answer 22

GIT , oral cavity , female genital tract

Question 23

gram staining of candida :

Answer 23

gram positive budding yeast cells

Question 24

fungal culture for candida :

Answer 24

SDA

Question 25

Identification test for C. albicans :

Answer 25

germ tube test positive

Question 26

encapsulated yeast of cryptococcosis :

Answer 26

cryptococcus neoformans

Question 27

transmission of cryptococcus neoformans:

Answer 27

inhalation or through skin or mucosa

Question 28

diseases caused by cryptococcus neoformans:

Answer 28

Cryptococcal meningitis – Especially in HIV patients
+
oral lesions that may present as ulcerations or nodules post extraction

Question 29

india ink

gram stain : gram positive budding yeast cells

(cryptococcus neoformans)