L6 (L5 Not included in midterm): Bacterial genetics Flashcards
what is the backbone of DNA composed of ?
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate residues
which nucliotindes are puriens and whicha are pyramidines ?
purines : A , G
PYRAMIDINES : T, C
What is transcription?
rna polymerase forms single mrna using dna as a template
what allows bacteria to have rapid response to change in environment around them?
transcription and translation occurring at the same time since it doesn’t have a nucleus
bacteria are haploids meaning thery have a single copy of each gene
what part of bacterial DNA is responsible for virulence , pathogenesis , and resistance ?
chromosome
what are transpons ?
jumping genes incapable of replicating on their own … create insertion mutans
what are episomes ?
bacterial chromosomes and plasmids which carry information necessary for their own replication
which type of plasmid is responsible for drug resistance ?
R plasmid : contains resistance transfer factor (RTF) and r determinant
which plasmid is responsible for maleness?
F factor
which mechanism for gene transfer involves direct uptake and absorption of bacterial DNA by recipient cell?
transformation
what is the most common way prokaryotes transfer genes?
transduction
what is the mechanisms of gene transfer that involves bacteriophages ?
trandsduction
how does conjugation transfer function?
transfer through sex pilli
what are the 2 possible results of transduction?
1.) release of new bacteriopahes inside bacterial cellthat are released by lysis of bacterial cell
2.) phage DNA integrates into bacterial DNA and replicates along with it
