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Y4R6 - Pediatrics II 👶 > L7: Coma - Pt 2 > Flashcards

L7: Coma - Pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Def of ICP

A

◈ The pressure exerted by cranial contents on the dural envelope

◈ It comprises the partial pressures of brain, blood, and CSF

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2
Q

Calculation of ICP

A

◈ ICP = Pcerebrum + Pblood + CSF

◈ Intracranial volume= Volume of (Brain + Cerebral blood + CSF)

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3
Q

Normal Value of ICP

A

<10mmHg

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4
Q

Levels of Intracranial HTN

A
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5
Q

Def of Compliance

A

The ability to tolerate ↑↑ in volume without corresponding ⇡⇡ in pressure

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6
Q

Relationship of ICV & ICP

A
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7
Q

Cerebral Autoregulation

A
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8
Q

Cerebral Autoregulation

  • Pressure Autoregulation
A
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9
Q

Cerebral Autoregulation

  • Metabolic Autoregulation
A
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10
Q

Cerebral blood flow remains constant over a wide range of CPP

A

….

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11
Q

in …….

  • The autoregulatory curve is shifted to the right
A
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12
Q

Types of Brain Herniation

A
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13
Q

Pathology of Central Herniation

A

Herniation of Upper brainstem

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14
Q

Effect of Central Herniation

A

◈ Small pupil → Midpoint pupil

◈ Irregular respiration → Hyperventilation as coma deepens

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15
Q

pathology in Uncal Herniation

A

Herniation of Medial temporal lobe through the tentorium

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16
Q

Effect of Uncal Herniation

A

◈ Unilateral dilated pupil due to compression on oculomotor nerve

◈ Asymmetric motor signs

◈ As coma deepens, the opposite pupil loses the light reflex and may constrict briefly before enlarging

17
Q

Upward Herniation

A

◈ Rarely

◈ Occur in posterior fossa masses

18
Q

Def of Coma

A
  • Unarousable unresponsiveness state in which patient lies without spontaneous movement and intelligible speech.
19
Q

Def of Encephalopathy

20
Q

Etiology of Coma

21
Q

Etiology of Coma

  • Hysterical
22
Q

Etiology of Coma

  • Organic
23
Q

Organic Etiology of Coma

  • Primary Brain Injury
24
Q

Organic Etiology of Coma

  • Secondary Brain Injury
25
Q

Causes of ↑↑ ICP according to mechanism

26
Q

Evaluation of Coma

27
Q

Evaluation of Coma

  • History
28
Q

Evaluation of Coma

  • Examination
29
Q

Evaluation of Coma

  • Regular Rhythm
A
  • Equal chest rise and fall and a regular cycle of inhalation and exhalation
30
Q

Evaluation of Coma

  • Kussmaul Respiration
A
  • Compensation for metabolic acidosis.
31
Q

Evaluation of Coma

  • Chyne Stokes Respiration
A

◈ Traumatic brain injury (TBI)

◈ Stroke, respiratory failure.

32
Q

Evaluation of Coma

  • Apneustic Respiration
A

Lesion in the pons.

33
Q

Evaluation of Coma

  • Ataxic Respiration
A

Lesion in the medulla.

34
Q

Signs of lateralization

Y4R6 - Pediatrics II 👶 (42 decks)

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