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Y4R6 - Pediatrics II 👶 > L4: Pneumonia > Flashcards

L4: Pneumonia Flashcards

1
Q

Def of Pneumonia

A
  • Acute inflammation of distal lung “Lung parynchyma”
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2
Q

Types of Pneumonia

A
  1. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)
  2. Hospital-acquired (nosocomial) pneumonia.
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3
Q

Etiology of Pneumonia

A
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4
Q

Etiology of Pneumonia

  • Most Common
A
  • S. Pneumonia
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5
Q

Etiology of Pneumonia

  • Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)
A
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6
Q

Etiology of Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)

  • Neonate
A
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7
Q

Etiology of Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)

  • 1-3 Months
A
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8
Q

Etiology of Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)

  • 3 - 12 Months
A
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9
Q

Etiology of Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)

  • 2 - 5 Years
A
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10
Q

Etiology of Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)

  • > 5 Years
A
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11
Q

Etiology of Hospital-Acquired (nosocomial) Pneumonia

A
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12
Q

Pathophysiology of Pneumonia

A
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13
Q

Pathology of Pneumonia

A
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14
Q

Pathology of Pneumonia

  • Congestion
A
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15
Q

Pathology of Pneumonia

  • red Hepatization
A
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16
Q

Pathology of Pneumonia

  • Grey Hepatization
A
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17
Q

Pathology of Pneumonia

  • Resolution
A
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18
Q

CP of Pneumonia

A
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19
Q

CP of Pneumonia

  • Symptoms
A
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20
Q

Symptoms of Pneumonia

  • General
A
  • Fever
  • Cough
  • Difficulty of breathing
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21
Q

Symptoms of Pneumonia

  • Neonates & Young Infants
A
  • Feeding difficulty
  • Restlessness or subtle
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22
Q

Symptoms of Pneumonia

  • Older Children
A
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23
Q

Signs of Pneumonia

A
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24
Q

Signs of Pneumonia

  • Inspection
A
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25
Q

Inspection in Pneumonia

  • General Look
A
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26
Q

Inspection in Pneumonia

  • Respiratory Distress
A
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27
Q

Signs in Pneumonia

  • Palpation
A

Increased TVF “Tactile Vocal Fremitus”

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28
Q

Signs in Pneumonia

  • Percussion
A

Dullness

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29
Q

Signs in Pneumonia

  • Auscultation
A
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30
Q

Severity Assessment of Pneumonia

31
Q

Complications of Pneumonia

32
Q

Complications of Pneumonia

  • Lung
33
Q

Complications of Pneumonia

  • Pleura
A
  • Parapneumonic pleural effusion
  • Pneumothorax
  • Empyema
34
Q

Complications of Pneumonia

  • General
35
Q

DDx of Pneumonia

36
Q

DDx of Pneumonia

  • Hereditary Disorders
A
  • Cystic fibrosis
  • Sickle cell disease
37
Q

DDx of Pneumonia

  • Anatomic Disorders
38
Q

DDx of Pneumonia

  • Leukocyte Dysfunction
39
Q

DDx of Pneumonia

  • Immunity Disorders
40
Q

DDx of Pneumonia

  • Cilia Disorders
A
  • Immotile cilia syndrome
  • Kartagener syndrome
41
Q

Classification of Pneumonia

42
Q

Typical Bacterial Pneumonia

  • Cause
  • Age
  • Onset
  • Course
  • Fever
  • Symptoms & Signs
  • Auscultatory Findings
  • X-Ray
  • TTT
43
Q

Staph Aureus Pneumonia

  • Cause
  • Age
  • Onset
  • Course
  • Fever
  • Symptoms & Signs
  • Auscultatory Findings
  • X-Ray
  • TTT
44
Q

Atypical Pneumonia

  • Cause
  • Age
  • Onset
  • Course
  • Fever
  • Symptoms & Signs
  • Auscultatory Findings
  • X-Ray
  • TTT
45
Q

Afebrile Pneumonia

  • Cause
  • Age
  • Onset
  • Course
  • Fever
  • Symptoms & Signs
  • Auscultatory Findings
  • X-Ray
  • TTT
46
Q

Viral Pneumonia

  • Cause
  • Age
  • Onset
  • Course
  • Fever
  • Symptoms & Signs
  • Auscultatory Findings
  • X-Ray
  • TTT
47
Q

Extra-pulmonary manifestations in mycoplasma pneumonia

48
Q

INVx in Pneumonia

49
Q

INVx in Pneumonia

  • Rads
50
Q

INVx in Pneumonia

  • Chest X-Ray
51
Q

Chest X-Ray in Pneumonia

  • Findings
52
Q

Chest X-Ray in Pneumonia

  • Indications
53
Q

INVx in Pneumonia

  • CT (Indications)
A
  • Refractory to treatment
  • Recurrent pneumonia
54
Q

INVx in Pneumonia

  • Blood Tests
55
Q

Blood Tests in Pneumonia

  • CBC
56
Q

Blood Tests in Pneumonia

  • Acute Phase Reactants
57
Q

Blood Tests in Pneumonia

  • Serum Electrolytes
A

In Legionella → Hyponatremia

58
Q

Blood Tests in Pneumonia

  • Albumin
A

In Parapneumonic effusion
* The lower the serum albumin, the larger the effusion

59
Q

INVx in Pneumonia

  • Micobiology
60
Q

Microbiological Dx of Pneumonia

  • Indications
A
  1. Severe disease
  2. Children who require hospitalization
  3. Community outbreak
  4. Unusual pathogen (e.g. TB or S. aureus as MRSA)
61
Q

Microbiological Dx of Pneumonia

  • Culture
62
Q

Microbiological Dx of Pneumonia

  • Rapid Diagnostic Tests
A

Enzyme immunoassay, immunofluores cence, PCR

63
Q

Microbiological Dx of Pneumonia

  • TB
  • Legionellosis & Histoplasmosis
A

T.B. —–> Tuberculin test - Acid tast smear
Legionellosis & histoplasmosis —-› Urine antigen test

64
Q

Microbiological Dx of Pneumonia

  • Invasive Tests
65
Q

Causes of Recurrent or Unresolved Pneumonia

66
Q

Causes of Recurrent or Unresolved Pneumonia

  • Multiople Lobe Affection
67
Q

Causes of Recurrent or Unresolved Pneumonia

  • Single Lobe Affection
68
Q

Causes of Death in Bacterial Pneumonia

69
Q

Criteria of Hospitalization in Pneumonia

70
Q

TTT of Pneumonia

71
Q

TTT of Pneumonia

  • General Support
72
Q

TTT of Pneumonia

  • Drugs
73
Q

Most Common Organisms Causing Pneumonia According to Age

Y4R6 - Pediatrics II 👶 (32 decks)

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