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Y4R6 - Pediatrics II 👶 > L5: Pleural Effusion > Flashcards

L5: Pleural Effusion Flashcards

1
Q

Def of Pleural Effusion

A
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2
Q

Pathophysiology of Pleural Effusion

A
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3
Q

Pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in the formation of most pleural effusions

A
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4
Q

Pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in the formation of most pleural effusions

  • Transudate
A
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5
Q

Pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in the formation of most pleural effusions

  • Exudate
A
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6
Q

Pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in the formation of most pleural effusions

  • Chylothorax
A
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7
Q

Pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in the formation of most pleural effusions

  • Hemothorax
A
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8
Q

Etiology of Pleural Effusion

A
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9
Q

Etiology of Pleural Effusion

  • Most Common
A
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10
Q

Etiology of Pleural Effusion

  • Exudate
A
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11
Q

Etiology of Pleural Effusion

  • Transudate
A
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12
Q

Etiology of Pleural Effusion

  • Chylous
A

Caused by Thoracic duct injury

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13
Q

Etiology of Pleural Effusion

  • Hemothorax
A
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14
Q

CP of Pleural Effusion

A
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15
Q

CP of Pleural Effusion

  • Symptoms
A
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16
Q

Symptoms of Pleural Effusion

  • Cause
A
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17
Q

Symptoms of Pleural Effusion

  • Related to the Amount of Effusion
A
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18
Q

Symptoms of Pleural Effusion

  • Chest (Pleuritic) Pain
A
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19
Q

Signs of Pleural Effusion

A
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20
Q

Signs of Pleural Effusion

  • Inspection
A
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21
Q

Signs of Pleural Effusion

  • Palpation
22
Q

Signs of Pleural Effusion

  • Percussion
A

Stony Dullness

23
Q

Signs of Pleural Effusion

  • Auscultatioon
24
Q

DDx of Pleural Effusion

25
Q

INVx for Pleural Effusion

26
Q

INVx for Pleural Effusion

  • rads
27
Q

Rads in Pleural Effusion

  • X-Ray
28
Q

Rads in Pleural Effusion

  • US
A
  • Very sensitive: can detect small amounts as low as 20ml
29
Q

Rads in Pleural Effusion

  • CT
A

If small amount or complicated

30
Q

Labs in Pleural Effusion

  • Pleural fluid aspiration “Thoracocentesis”
31
Q

Thoracocentesis in Pleural Effusion

  • Not Indicated In
A
  • CHF
  • Ascites
  • Nephrotic syndrome
  • Recent initiation of peritoneal dialysis
32
Q

Thoracocentesis in Pleural Effusion

  • Indicated in
33
Q

Thoracocentesis in Pleural Effusion

  • Technique
34
Q

Thoracocentesis in Pleural Effusion

  • Interpretation
35
Q

Interpretation of Pleural Effusion

  • Pale, Yellow, Clear
  • Purulent Fluid
  • Putrid Odor & Purulent Fluid
  • Milky Fluid
  • Blood Fluid
36
Q

Interpretation of Pleural Effusion

  • Purulent
  • Lymphocitic
  • Chylothorax
  • Hemothorax
37
Q

Difference between exudate & transudate in Pleural Effusion

38
Q

Difference between complicated & uncomplicated pleural effusion

39
Q

Mortality & Morbidity in Pleural Effusion

40
Q

Mortality & Morbidity in Pleural Effusion

  • Less in
A
  • Most effusions caused by viral and mycoplasmal infections spontaneously resolve.
41
Q

Mortality & Morbidity in Pleural Effusion

  • More in
A
  • Empyema causes significant acute morbidity.
  • Death from empyema in previously healthy children in the developed world is uncommon.
  • The mortality rate is higher for children < 2 years.
42
Q

Mortality & Morbidity in Pleural Effusion

  • More common incidence in …….(Age & Sex)
A
  • Sex: Parapneumonic effusions and empyema are more common in boys than girls.
  • Age: Parapneumonic effusions and empyema are more common ill infants and young children than older children
43
Q

TTT of Pleural Effusion

44
Q

TTT of Pleural Effusion

  • Intro
45
Q

TTT of Pleural Effusion

  • IV Antibiotics
46
Q

Indications of IV Antibiotics in Pleural Effusion

A
  • Indicated in all cases of parapneumonic effusion
47
Q

Duration of IV Antibiotics in Pleural Effusion

A
  • Continue for at least several days after fever & fluid drainage subside.
  • Orally administered antibiotics should be given for an additional 1-2 weeks.
48
Q

TTT of Pleural Effusion

  • Chest tube Draining
49
Q

Chets Tube Drainage in Pleural Effusion

  • Indications
A
  • Indicated in complicated effusion
50
Q

Chets Tube Drainage in Pleural Effusion

  • Characters of Response
51
Q

Chets Tube Drainage in Pleural Effusion

  • Role of Chest X-Ray
A
  • CXR alone is not a good indicator of response because pleural opacification persists for weeks after infection & fluid have cleared.

Y4R6 - Pediatrics II 👶 (32 decks)

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