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Y4R6 - Pediatrics II 👶 > L1: Metabolic Disorders > Flashcards

L1: Metabolic Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Henderson Hasselbalch equation

A
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2
Q

Normal Parameters

  • pH
  • PaCO2
  • HCO3
  • Anion Gap
A
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3
Q

Anion Gap

  • Def
  • Equation
  • Normal Value
  • Importance
A
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4
Q

Def of

  • Acidemia
  • Acidosis
  • Metabolic Disorder
  • Simple Disorder
A
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5
Q

Def of

  • Alkalemia
  • Alkalosis
  • Respiratory Disorder
  • Mixed Disorder
A
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6
Q

Acid-base regulation

A
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7
Q

Etiology of Metabolic Acidosis

A
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8
Q

Etiology of Metabolic Acidosis

  • NAGMA
A
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9
Q

Etiology of Metabolic Acidosis

  • HAGMA
A
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10
Q

CP of Metabolic Acidosis

A
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11
Q

INVx for Metabolic Acidosis

A
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12
Q

TTT of Metabolic Acidosis

A
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13
Q

TTT of Metabolic Acidosis

  • Cause
A

…

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14
Q

TTT of Metabolic Acidosis

  • NaHCO3
A
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15
Q

NaHCO3 of Metabolic Acidosis

  • Indications
A

◈ pH < 7.1
◈ Serum HCO3 < 8

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16
Q

NaHCO3 of Metabolic Acidosis

  • Precautions
A

Adequate ventilation for fear of CO2 accumulation

  • H⁡+⁡HCO3 ⁡→ H2CO3⁡ → CO2⁡+ H2O
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17
Q

NaHCO3 of Metabolic Acidosis

  • Dose
A
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18
Q

THAM of Metabolic Acidosis

A
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19
Q

TTT of Metabolic Acidosis

  • Peritoneal Dialysis
A

….

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20
Q

Def of Hyponatremia

A

Serum Na < 130 mEq/L

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21
Q

Etiology of Hyponatremia

A
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22
Q

Etiology of Hyponatremia

  • True Na Deficiency
A
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23
Q

Etiology of Hyponatremia

  • Dilutional Hyponatremia
A
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24
Q

CP of Hyponatremia

A
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25
Q

CP of Hyponatremia

  • depends on
A
  • Rate of development
  • Level of hyponatremia
26
Q

CP of Hyponatremia

  • Acute
27
Q

CP of Hyponatremia

  • Chronic
A

Asymptomatic

28
Q

TTT of Hyponatremia

29
Q

TTT of Hyponatremia

  • Asymptomatic
30
Q

TTT of Hyponatremia

  • Symptomatic
31
Q

Def of Hypernatremia

A

Serum Na > 145 mEq/L

32
Q

Etiology of Hypernatremia

33
Q

Etiology of Hypernatremia

  • Na Excess
34
Q

Etiology of Hypernatremia

  • Decreased Water
35
Q

Etiology of Hypernatremia

  • ⇣⇣⇣ Water > ⇣ Na
36
Q

CP of Hypernatremia

37
Q

Complications of Hypernatremia

38
Q

TTT of Hypernatremia

39
Q

Def of Hypokalemia

A

Serum K < 3.5 mEq/L

40
Q

Etiology of Hypokalemia

41
Q

Etiology of Hypokalemia

  • True Hypokalemia
42
Q

Etiology of Hypokalemia

  • Hypokalmia without Loss
43
Q

CP of Hypokalemia

44
Q

TTT of Hypokalemia

45
Q

Def of Hyperkalemia

A
  • Hyperkalemia ⇢ Serum K > 5.5 mEq/L
  • Sever hyperkalemia ⇢ Serum K > 7 mEq/L
46
Q

Etiology of Hyperkalemia

47
Q

Etiology of Hyperkalemia

  • Hyperkalemia with K excess
48
Q

Etiology of Hyperkalemia

  • Hyperkalemia without K Excess
49
Q

CP of Hyperkalemia

50
Q

TTT of Hyperkalemia

51
Q

TTT of Hyperkalemia

  • Cardiac membrane stabilization with IV Ca
52
Q

Cardiac membrane stabilization in Hyperkalemia

  • MOA
A

Ca is the physiological antidote of K on the heart

  • So it is given to stabilize the cardiac membrane
53
Q

Cardiac membrane stabilization in Hyperkalemia

  • Dose
A

1 ml/kg/dose by IV injection over 3 – 5 minutes with maximum dose 10 ml

54
Q

Cardiac membrane stabilization in Hyperkalemia

  • Precautions
A

Stop if bradycardia develops

55
Q

TTT in Hyperkalemia

  • Intracellular K shifting
56
Q

Intracellular K shifting in Hyperkalemia

  • Insulin + Glucose
57
Q

Intracellular K shifting in Hyperkalemia

  • Inhaled SABA
58
Q

Intracellular K shifting in Hyperkalemia

  • NaHCO3
59
Q

TTT in Hyperkalemia

  • Enhanced K elimination
60
Q

Enhanced K elimination in Hyperkalemia

  • Loop Diuretics
61
Q

Enhanced K elimination in Hyperkalemia

  • Cation exchange medications (Examples, MOA, Routes, Dose, Rate)
62
Q

Enhanced K elimination in Hyperkalemia

  • Dialysis
A

in Refractory Cases

Y4R6 - Pediatrics II 👶 (42 decks)

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