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ANAT FINALS > L45: Male Reproductive Anatomy > Flashcards

L45: Male Reproductive Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

The testes have two compartments, which have two functions- what are they?

A
  1. Seminiferous tubules
  2. Interstitial tissue
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2
Q

What are the top arrows indicating? Bottom?

A

Top: Seminiferous tubules

Bottom: Interstitial tissue

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3
Q

The seminiferous epithelium is made up of what two types of cells?

A
  1. Germ cells
  2. Sertoli cells
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4
Q

In the seminiferous tubules, what structures are the colored triangles indication?

A

Orange: Elongated spermatids

Yellow: Rounded spermatids

Green: Spermatocytes

Blue: Spermatogonia

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5
Q

What is indicated by the arrows?

A

Intercellular bridges

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6
Q

What cells are indicated by the blue arrows?

A

Sertoli cells

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7
Q

What is the main function* of the sertoli cells- what are other 3 functions?

A

Main: Provide physical and nutritional support to germ cells*

  • Regulate mvmnt of cells and molecules into the epith
  • Phagocytize degenerating germ cells
  • Secrete molecules into the epithelium and to the interstitial tissue
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8
Q

What is the blood-testis barrier?

A

Cytoplasm of sertoli cells and tight junctions between adjacent sertoli cells

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9
Q

What are the two types of compartments indicated? What stage of sperm is present in each?

A

Adluminal compartment: Spermatocytes, spermatids

Basal compartment: spermatogonia, preleptotene spermatocytes

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10
Q

The adluminal comparment and the basal compartment of the seminiferous epithelium are part of what compartment?

A

Intratubular compartment

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11
Q

The sertoli cells secrete many different things; what is one key secretion that would aid in increasing sperm viability and energy?

A

Fructose

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12
Q

In the seminiferous tubule wall, what is indicated by the green arrows?

A

Peritubular myoid cells

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13
Q

What is inidicated by the red box in the tubular wall of seminiferous tubules? 2 functions?

A

Smooth muscle actin

  • Contraction of tubules= flow
  • Stim of stertoli cells
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14
Q

What is this a structure of?

A

Tubular wall

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15
Q

What are the red arrows indicating on the tubular wall? Start from top left and clockwise

A

Sertoli cell

Basal lamina

Peritubular myoid cells

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16
Q

What is the black and blue arrows indicating in the intersitial tissue?

A

Black: Leydig cells

Blue: Blood vessles

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17
Q

The testes have 2 compartments, 2 cells, and 2 ______.

A

Gonadotropins

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18
Q

What type of testis development is this indicating?

A

Prenatal

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19
Q

What type of tesis development is this indicating?

A

Postnatal development

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20
Q

Sperm are carried by fluid through _______ducts to the epididymis

A

Excurrent ducts

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21
Q

What is 2? Function?

A

Tubuli recti

Simple, low columnar or cuboidal, epithelium devoid of germ cells

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22
Q

A structure of the excurrent duct- what is this? Describe.

A

Rete testis

Flattened channels; cuboidal ciliated cells

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23
Q

A structure of the excurrent duct- what is this? Describe.

A

Efferent ducts

Columnar ciliated cels and columnar cells with microvilli!

24
Q

What are the black arrows (top + bottom)? What structure is this a part of as a whole?

A

Top arrow: CT

Bottom: Epididymal duct

epididymis

25
Q

Where is sperm stored?

A

Tail of epididymis

26
Q

Where is sperm matured?

A

Head and body of epididymis

27
Q

What is indicated by red circle and line of the epididymis and what portion of it?

A

Myenteric plexus in Tail

28
Q

In the epididymis, describe this tissue.

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

29
Q

What is the red box indicating and what is the function of this structure?

A

Ductus deferens

Conveys the sperm to the pelvic urethra

30
Q

What is the red box indicaitng?

A

Ductus deferens

31
Q

What is the tissue type of this on the ductus deferens?

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

32
Q

What is this structure? (type specific)

A

Musculocavernous penis

33
Q

What is this structure? (type specific)

A

Fibroelastic penis

34
Q

What is this cross-section a part of? (type specific)

A

Musculocavernous penis

35
Q

What is this cross-section a part of? (type specific)

A

Fibroelastic penis

36
Q

What is this cross-section a part of? (type specific)

A

Musculocavernous penis

37
Q

What is this a structure of?

38
Q

Out of the male glands: ampullary glands, vesciular glands, prostate, and bulbourethral gland, which species (horse, bull, boar, dog, cat) does NOT have a ampullary gland?

39
Q

Out of the male glands: ampullary glands, vesciular glands, prostate, and bulbourethral gland, which species (horse, bull, boar, dog, cat) does NOT have a vesicular gland?

A

Dog and Cat

40
Q

Out of the male glands: ampullary glands, vesciular glands, prostate, and bulbourethral gland, which species (horse, bull, boar, dog, cat) does NOT have a bulbourethral gland?

41
Q

What is this a structure of? What does it secrete?

A

Ampullary glands;

Fluid rich in fructose and ergothionein (antioxidant aa)

42
Q

What is this a structure of? What does this structure secrete?

A

Vesicular glands

Secretes alkaline viscid fluid rich in fructose and “coagulating” proteins

43
Q

What is the stroma of the vesicular glands?

A

Fibroelastic capsule (smooth muscle + elastic fibers) that aextends as trabeculae

SEE number 1 in pic

44
Q

What is this structure comparing in vesicular glands?

A

Non-castrated (Left) vs Castrated (right)

45
Q

What is the blue arrow indicating on this horse penis structure?

A

Vesicular gland

46
Q

What is the blue arrow indicating on this horse penis structure?

A

Ampullary gland

47
Q

What is the blue arrow indicating on this horse penis structure?

48
Q

What is this structure and what is it secreting?

A

Prostate

Secreting a slightly acid fluid rich in acid phosphatse, citric acid, and proteins for semen liquefaction

49
Q

What are the prostatic secretions and what is exclusive?

A

Condensed secretion, it may become calcified

50
Q

What is this structure indicating and what is its secretion?

A

Bulbourethral gland

A clear viscid mucus-like fluid rich in sialoproteins and amino surgars for urethral cleaning and lubrication

51
Q

What is the blue arrow indicating on this horse penis structure?

A

Bulbourethral gland

52
Q

What is significant about this? What may it indicate clinically?*

A

ONLY Sertoli cells- NO germ cells

May indicate cryptorchidism!!!

53
Q

What does this show?

A

Testicular tumors

54
Q

What is this tumor type and what is being seen?*

A

Seminoma;

HIGH presence of germ cells; round BIG nuclei; and HIGH nucleus to cytoplasm ration

55
Q

What is this tumor type and what is being seen?*

A

Sertoli cell tumor;

HIGH presence of cells with rounded homogenous nuclei (cells with that phenotype that do not correspond to that of Leydig or germ cells)

56
Q

What is this tumor type and what is being seen?*

A

Leydig cell tumor

High presenece of cells with typical leydig cell phenotype

ANAT FINALS (19 decks)

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