L33: Foregut II Flashcards
What are 4 functions of the gallbladder?
- Bile storage (from liver) 2. Concentration - removal of H2O and electrolytes 3. Duodenum (and jejunum) release cholecystokinin that causes gallbladder to rhythmically contract and release bile into duodenum 4. Bile emulsifies fat
What three ducts drain into the Bile duct?
- Hepatic duct 2. Cystic duct 3. Hepatic duct
Gallbladder is surrounded by _____
Lobes of liver
What is significant about the Pancreas (gland)?
Smaller Gland
Pancreas has 2 functions*- what is significant though?
- As an EXOCRINE gland, produces a digestive juice that is discharged into duodenum through ducts- the juice contains enzymes that break down protein, carbs, and fats 2. As an ENDOCRINE gland, cell clumps scattered between exocrine acini called pancreatic islets, are the source of insulin, glucagon, and gastrin- important for carbohydrate metabolism BOTH ENDO AND EXOCRINE FUNCTIONS!!
Pancreatic ducts form within the body of ___ and drains into the ____
Pancreas; Duodenum
Pancreas is formed from fusion of the embryonic ducts of ventral and dorsal _________, which creates main and accessory pancreatic ____
PANCREATIC BUDS, which creates main and accessory pancreatic DUCTS
What is the largest lymphoid organ?
Spleen
What is the function of the spleen? (4)
- Store RBCs and platelets 2. Destroy old RBCs 3. Filters foreign particles, bacteria, and phagocytic cells 4. Produce lymphocytes
Spleen is an important ___________ in the dog or cat.
Blood reservoir
On the spleen, the surface is _____, and the carniodorsal area is ___.
Visceral surface; bare
The lower end of the spleen passes onto the ____ - risk of common abscesses and perforations
Reticulum
What is splenomegaly?
Enlarged spleen- a symptom of another disease or condition, more common in dogs than cats
What are signs of splenomegaly?
Diarrhea and vomiting, lack of appetite, abdominal pain, lethargy and weakness
What are causes of splenomegaly?
Abdominal injury, hepatitis, infectious disorders, inflammatory bowel disease, bacterial infection, immune disorders
Celiac supply in carnivorans: Celiac trunk (3), Splenic (2), left gastric (1), hepatic (3)
Celiac trunk: splenic, left gastric, hepatic Splenic: small pancreatic branches, left gastroepiploic Left gastric: esophageal Hepatic: hepatic arteries, right gastric, gastroduodenal (cranial pancreaticoduodenal, right gastroepiploic)
What does the three in the celiac trunk go to?
- Splenic –> spleen - Hepatic aa –> liver & gallbladder - Esophageal –> esophagus
Arterial supply to the stomach?
Greater curvature: right + left gastroepiploics ANASTOMASE Lesser curvature: right + left gastrics ANASTOMOSE (also short gastrics from splenic a)
Venous drainage of foregut derivatives and spleen?
Liver drains to caudal vena cava via _______
Hepatic Veins
Portal (=hepatic portal) vein collects blood from the (3)
Gastroduodenal vein
Splenic vein
Crainial mesenteric vein
Portal vein collects blood from the GASTRODUODENAL vein, one of three veins. What veins does this portion include? (2)
- Craniopancreatico-duodenal vein (left lobe of pancreas and duodenum)
- Right gastroepiploic vein (greater curvature of stomach)
Portal vein collects blood from the SPLENIC vein, one of three veins. What veins does this portion include? (2)
- Left gastroepiploic vein (greater curvature of stomach)
- Pancreatics (right lobe of pancreas)
The venous blood of the liver drains into the _______* via the hepatic veins
Caudal vena cava*
The thorcic duct is exclusive because? Where does it drain and returns lymph to?
Largest lymphatic vessel of the lymphatic system- drains to the left brachioceophalic vein , returns lymph to the systemic drainage
Autonomic Supple of Foregut- what axons contribute to this?
Postganglionic sympathetic and preganglionic parasympathetic axons
How is the autonomic supply of the foregut distributed to the organs? What does this make up
Organs by traeling along the blood vessels= make up PERIARTERIAL PLEXUSES
