L31: Anatomy of the Peritoneum and Peritoneal Cavity

Question 1

What is a peritoneum?

Answer 1

A single of layer of flattened mesothelial cells supported by fibroelastic tissue. Fat is often stored adjacent to the peritoneum

Question 2

What is a peritoneal cavity?

Answer 2

Contains only a small amount of serous fluid. Abdominal organs are excluded from the space by their peritoneal covering

Question 3

What is the intraperitoneal?

Answer 3

Organs that are suspended from the abdominal roof within the peritoneal reflections

Question 4

What is retroperitoneal?

Answer 4

Organs that are directly joined to the abdominal wall

Question 5

What is parietal peritoneum?

Answer 5

Lines the walls

Question 6

What is visceral peritoneum?

Answer 6

Directly contacts (enshrouding) the organs

Question 7

In the Intraembryonic coelom, around what stage and week would the development of the peritoneal viscera be at?

Answer 7

Stage 11/ Week 4 or so

Question 8

Early abdominal cavity lined with peritoneum is derived from __?

Answer 8

Visceral lateral plate mesoderm

Question 9

What does the neural tube form much of?

Answer 9

GI Tract

Question 10

Organs develop and invaginate into ____ pulling a neurovascular supply with them.

Answer 10

Peritoneum

Question 11

What are two examples of coelomic invagination?

Answer 11

1. Lungs

2. Heart

Question 12

What is a mesentery?

Answer 12

Double layer of peritoneum that forms as a result of the invagination of the peritoneum by an organ; vessels and nerves pass in the mesentery to supply the large and small intestines

Question 13

What does the mesentery attach to? By what?

Answer 13

Abdominal wall by a short peritoneal attachment known as the root of the mesentery.

Question 14

Developing ____ ‘drags’ vasculature, nerve supply, and lymphatics into the newly formed mesentery.

Answer 14

Intestine

Question 15

What does the root of mesentery anchor?

Answer 15

Anchors the Great mesentery to the dorsal abdominal wall

Question 16

What is mesocolons?

Answer 16

Ascending,transverse, and descending mesocolons connect the ascending, transverse, and descending colons to the dorsal body wal

Question 17

What is mesoduodenum? Where does it originate at?

Answer 17

Double layer of peritoneum that forms as a result of the invagination of the peritoneum by an organ. Originates at the dorsal abdominal wall and the root of the mesentery and extends to the duodenum

Question 18

What is omentum? What is an extension of?

Answer 18

The connecting peritoneum that attaches the stomach to the body wall or other organs- ti is an extended mesogastrium

Question 19

What is the greater omentum? What does it attach to?

Answer 19

An extended fold of dorsal mesogastrium, attaches the greater curvature of the stomach to the dorsal wall at pancreas

Question 20

What is the lesser omentum?

Answer 20

A part of the ventral mesogastrium

- Loosely spans the distance from the lesser curvature of the stomach to the porta of liver

Question 21

What does the hepatoduodenal ligament attach to and what does it contain (3 things)?

Answer 21

Attaches liver to the duodenum

- Contains the portal vein, hepatic artery, and bile duct

Question 22

What are the omental bursae (greater and lesser sacs)?

Answer 22

Fundamental division in the peritoneal cavity; both sacs are continuous but the communication between the two is restricted to the epiploic foramen

Question 23

What is the excess of fluid in the abdomen called?

Answer 23

Ascites