L16-InFLUenza Flashcards
What does the ‘H’ stand for on the influenza virus? What is its function?
Hema-G-Glutin-In…it Grabs on to the host cell
What does the ‘N’ stand for in the influenza virus? What it its function?
Neur-Amin-id-ase…it releases the virus into the host cell
What are two factors that lead to a high mutation rate in influenza?
ssRNA and Segmented genome
Where does influenza retrovirus replicate?
in the Nucleus! (only flu and RetroViruses do this)
What leads to a DRIFT mutation?
Just a change in one of the spikes (H or N)
What leads to a SHIFT mutation?
Segmented Genome…2 viruses 1 cell. They mix and make a new virus!
1.What is a “TYPE” of virus? 2.Which “type” is a shift mutation? 3.Which “types” cause significant human disease?
1.A “TYPE”=an influenza virus Strain!! 2.Shift mutation=Type A….3.both types A and B cause human disease
When was the “GREAT pandemic”? How many people died?
1918-1919…50-100 MILLION people died (about 1/3 of the current US population!)
Does influenza virus need to 1.code for a nucleic acid polmerase? 2.bring its own polymerase?
YES and 2.YES (-)ssRNA needs to first be converted to (+)ssRNA.
What family is influenza virus?
Ortho-my-xo-viridae
How are the subtypes of type A determined?
Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase
Is influenzavirus enveloped or non-enveloped?
Enveloped
Which strain type causes PANDEMICS?! How often do these typically occur?
Type A…once per 20years
What “demic” is associated with drift mutation? What “demic” is associated with a shift mutation?
Drift=Epidemic….Shift=Pandemic
Where does influenza virus replicate in the human body?
Respiratory epithelium
