L14A: Conditions of Practice I - I

Question 1

Answer 1

c) 2
check notes

Question 2

Answer 2

c) Relative Transfer

web transfer example

Question 3

What is the The ‘Law of Practice’?

Answer 3

more practice is better for learning

The more you practice,
the more you improve,
the more you learn

Movements are quicker at first and then start to plateau

Question 4

What type of Practice results in improvement?

Answer 4

it’s not simply MORE practice, but MORE quality
practice, which is individual dependent.

Question 5

Have you heard of the “10,000 hour rule”?

Answer 5

Question 6

What are the Four characteristics related to deliberate practice?

Answer 6

1. Designed to IMPROVE performance (challenge individual)
2. MENTALLY tiring (effortful) for the athlete, may be low
   in enjoyment. True deliberate practice will be limited in time. Rest is important.
3. VARIABILITY & MISTAKES are expected in practice. It is NOT performing one’s best.
4. REPETITION of the practice process is necessary

Question 7

How do we Distinguish deliberate practice from other types of sport-related practice activities?

Answer 7

Learning zone: Here the learner is seeking or needing “new” information for learning

Question 8

What is Deliberate practice theory?

Answer 8

Deliberate practice theory – Prediction:
Performance can be predicted from hours
accumulated in deliberate practice activities.

Question 9

Ex.

Methods:
1. Practice history data (surveys & interviews)
2. Longitudinal follow up of athletes

By the age of 12 years, differences in individual practice
amounts could explain differences in “talent”!

Answer 9

@U12 - Academy accumulated 2x the # of practice

Question 10

Ex

Hours in individual soccer practice in childhood
predicted the adult skill level

Answer 10

International

Question 11

Ex.

It wasn’t until the age of ~16 yrs that team practice
became a strong discriminator of “skill”

Answer 11

Question 12

Summary of deliberate practice

Answer 12

Question 13

WHAT DOES GOOD QUALITY
(DELIBERATE) PRACTICE LOOK LIKE?

Answer 13

• Rest
• Variability

Question 14

What is Distribution of Practice (DOP)?

Answer 14

Question 15

Answer 15

B is the Best Choice

Question 16

What is Massed Practice?

Answer 16

Question 17

What is Distributed (spaced) Practice?

Answer 17

Question 18

EX

Which would show better performance results
Mass or Distributed Practice?

Answer 18

Question 19

Which would show better Learning results,
Mass or Distributed Practice?

Answer 19

Question 20

2 More examples

Answer 20

Question 21

What are the 3 hypotheses as to why massed practice might
impair learning compared to distributed?

Answer 21

1. Fatigue hypothesis
2. Cognitive-effort hypothesis
3. Memory consolidation hypothesis

Question 22

What is the Fatigue hypothesis?

Answer 22

Fatigue can impair quality of practice (eg. cause
learner to practice incorrect movement patterns)

Question 23

What is the Cognitive-effort hypothesis?

Answer 23

Trials become repetitious and boring; leading to
lower concentration (mental effort)

Question 24

What is the Memory consolidation hypothesis?

Answer 24

Periods of rest are not there to help LTM storage
processes (neurobiochemical).

Question 25

Summary

Answer 25