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VPH > L14: A review of occupational health in clinical practice, small animal zoonoses > Flashcards

L14: A review of occupational health in clinical practice, small animal zoonoses Flashcards

1
Q

Which two organisations may a GP report a zoonosis to?

A

HSE or PHE

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2
Q

How do GPs report to HSE?

A

Via RIDDOR

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3
Q

Which scheme allows those injured by their profession to claim disability benefits?

A

Industrial Injuries Scheme

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4
Q

Why are immunosuppressed animals the greatest risk for zoonosis?

A

Increased shedding, lowest response to infections

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5
Q

By what age does primary immunodeficiency manifest?

A

1 year

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6
Q

How many humans cases of T caninum are there per year?

A

Less than 10

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7
Q

What is the major source of T caninum infection?

A

Puppies (dogs coat)

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8
Q

How long is egg embryonation in T caninum?

A

2-3 weeks

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9
Q

What causes cat scratch disease?

A

Bartonella henselae

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10
Q

What % of cats have subclinical Bartonella?

A

38%

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11
Q

Which cat body fluids can spread Bartonella?

A

Blood and saliva

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12
Q

What do you treat Bartonella with?

A

Aminoglycosides

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13
Q

What are symptoms of Bartonella in humans?

A

Local LN swelling, conjunctivitis, uveitis

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14
Q

Which are the most common cats to have Bartonella?

A

Kitten ownership, flea problems

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15
Q

What causes Rat Bite Fever?

A

Streptobacillus moniliformis, Spirillum minus

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16
Q

What % of rats carry rat bite fever?

A

50%

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17
Q

Which two ways can rat bite fever be transmitted?

A

Bites or water borne

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18
Q

What do you treat rat bite fever with?

A

Tetracycline and penicillin

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19
Q

What are symptoms of rat bite fever in humans?

A

Fever, symmetrical rash, arthritis in humans

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20
Q

What three things does ancyclostoma caninum cause in humans?

A

Dermatitis, eosinophilic enteritis, anaemia

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21
Q

How long can ancyclostoma caninum larvae remain infective in a damp environment?

A

5-9 days

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22
Q

How are neonatal pups infected with ancyclostoma caninum?

A

Milk

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23
Q

How is echinococcus spread to humans?

A

Flies or oro-faecal contact

24
Q

What disease does echinococcus cause in humans?

A

Hydatid disease

25
Q

Which areas is echinococcus found in?

A

Sheep areas

26
Q

How long is Lepto incubation?

27
Q

How do you diagnose Lepto in humans?

A

Ag and Ab detection

28
Q

What do you treat Lepto with?

A

Penicillin

29
Q

How long does it take to recover from Lepto?

A

6 weeks - 6 months

30
Q

What causes feline Leprosy?

A

Saprophytic Mycobacteria or M lepraemurium

31
Q

What does feline leprosy look like in cats?

A

Localised ulcerating skin lesion

32
Q

What kind of virus is skin cowpox?

A

Orthopoxvirus

33
Q

What is the host of skin cowpox?

34
Q

WHat does skin cowpox look like in cats?

A

Abscess at the point of infection, pyrexia, ulcerated and crusting skin lesions, recovery

35
Q

What does skin cowpox look like in humans?

A

Orf-like lesion on finger, arm or face which resolves in 4-5 weeks

36
Q

Which body areas are mite lesions often found?

A

Axillae, wrist, groin

37
Q

Which body areas are mite bites often seen?

A

Ankles and lower legs

38
Q

What three conditions can Pasterella cause in humans?

A

Cellulitis, septicaemia, cardiac tamponade

39
Q

How is Capnocytophaga canimorsus spread to humans?

A

Bite wounds

40
Q

What are two consequences Capnocytophaga canimorsus of in humans?

A

DIC and acute renal failure

41
Q

Which kind of people are most at risk of Capnocytophaga canimorsus?

A

Alcoholics and older people

42
Q

Which species is Capnocytophaga canimorsus also described in?

43
Q

What should you do following a possible rabies bite?

A

Give Igs IM and around wound, vaccination, can amputate limb

44
Q

What is the order of common allergy-inducing species?

A

Cat, guinea pig, rabbits, horse, dog, birds

45
Q

Which two pathogens can rabbits spread by aerosol?

A

Bordetella, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus

46
Q

What can rabbits spread in the urine?

47
Q

What can rabbits spread in their faeces?

A

E Coli, Salmonella, Yersinia, Brachyspira, C diff (G pigs, hamsters, gerbils)

48
Q

What three pathogens can snakes carry?

A

Salmonella, Aeromonas, Mycobacterium

49
Q

How many zoonoses do brown rats carry?

50
Q

What % prevalence is hantavirus in rat owners?

A

33% owner prevalence

51
Q

What can rats spread in their skin?

A

Dermatophytes

52
Q

What 4 things can rats spread in their faeces?

A

Campylobacter, S typhimurium, Yersinia, Crypto

53
Q

What are 3 unusual Salmonella serotypes found in rat faeces?

A

S orianenburg, poona, arizonae

54
Q

What do giant millipedes release when threatened?

A

Hydrocyanic acid and benzoquinones

55
Q

WHat does the giant millipede secretion cause in humans?

A

Erythema, blistering, looks like intentional injury

VPH (32 decks)

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