L14: A review of occupational health in clinical practice, small animal zoonoses

Question 1

Which two organisations may a GP report a zoonosis to?

Answer 1

HSE or PHE

Question 2

How do GPs report to HSE?

Answer 2

Via RIDDOR

Question 3

Which scheme allows those injured by their profession to claim disability benefits?

Answer 3

Industrial Injuries Scheme

Question 4

Why are immunosuppressed animals the greatest risk for zoonosis?

Answer 4

Increased shedding, lowest response to infections

Question 5

By what age does primary immunodeficiency manifest?

Answer 5

1 year

Question 6

How many humans cases of T caninum are there per year?

Answer 6

Less than 10

Question 7

What is the major source of T caninum infection?

Answer 7

Puppies (dogs coat)

Question 8

How long is egg embryonation in T caninum?

Answer 8

2-3 weeks

Question 9

What causes cat scratch disease?

Answer 9

Bartonella henselae

Question 10

What % of cats have subclinical Bartonella?

Answer 10

38%

Question 11

Which cat body fluids can spread Bartonella?

Answer 11

Blood and saliva

Question 12

What do you treat Bartonella with?

Answer 12

Aminoglycosides

Question 13

What are symptoms of Bartonella in humans?

Answer 13

Local LN swelling, conjunctivitis, uveitis

Question 14

Which are the most common cats to have Bartonella?

Answer 14

Kitten ownership, flea problems

Question 15

What causes Rat Bite Fever?

Answer 15

Streptobacillus moniliformis, Spirillum minus

Question 16

What % of rats carry rat bite fever?

Answer 16

50%

Question 17

Which two ways can rat bite fever be transmitted?

Answer 17

Bites or water borne

Question 18

What do you treat rat bite fever with?

Answer 18

Tetracycline and penicillin

Question 19

What are symptoms of rat bite fever in humans?

Answer 19

Fever, symmetrical rash, arthritis in humans

Question 20

What three things does ancyclostoma caninum cause in humans?

Answer 20

Dermatitis, eosinophilic enteritis, anaemia

Question 21

How long can ancyclostoma caninum larvae remain infective in a damp environment?

Answer 21

5-9 days

Question 22

How are neonatal pups infected with ancyclostoma caninum?

Answer 22

Milk

Question 23

How is echinococcus spread to humans?

Answer 23

Flies or oro-faecal contact

Question 24

What disease does echinococcus cause in humans?

Answer 24

Hydatid disease

Question 25

Which areas is echinococcus found in?

Answer 25

Sheep areas

Question 26

How long is Lepto incubation?

Answer 26

5-14 days

Question 27

How do you diagnose Lepto in humans?

Answer 27

Ag and Ab detection

Question 28

What do you treat Lepto with?

Answer 28

Penicillin

Question 29

How long does it take to recover from Lepto?

Answer 29

6 weeks - 6 months

Question 30

What causes feline Leprosy?

Answer 30

Saprophytic Mycobacteria or M lepraemurium

Question 31

What does feline leprosy look like in cats?

Answer 31

Localised ulcerating skin lesion

Question 32

What kind of virus is skin cowpox?

Answer 32

Orthopoxvirus

Question 33

What is the host of skin cowpox?

Answer 33

Rodent

Question 34

WHat does skin cowpox look like in cats?

Answer 34

Abscess at the point of infection, pyrexia, ulcerated and crusting skin lesions, recovery

Question 35

What does skin cowpox look like in humans?

Answer 35

Orf-like lesion on finger, arm or face which resolves in 4-5 weeks

Question 36

Which body areas are mite lesions often found?

Answer 36

Axillae, wrist, groin

Question 37

Which body areas are mite bites often seen?

Answer 37

Ankles and lower legs

Question 38

What three conditions can Pasterella cause in humans?

Answer 38

Cellulitis, septicaemia, cardiac tamponade

Question 39

How is Capnocytophaga canimorsus spread to humans?

Answer 39

Bite wounds

Question 40

What are two consequences Capnocytophaga canimorsus of in humans?

Answer 40

DIC and acute renal failure

Question 41

Which kind of people are most at risk of Capnocytophaga canimorsus?

Answer 41

Alcoholics and older people

Question 42

Which species is Capnocytophaga canimorsus also described in?

Answer 42

Cats

Question 43

What should you do following a possible rabies bite?

Answer 43

Give Igs IM and around wound, vaccination, can amputate limb

Question 44

What is the order of common allergy-inducing species?

Answer 44

Cat, guinea pig, rabbits, horse, dog, birds

Question 45

Which two pathogens can rabbits spread by aerosol?

Answer 45

Bordetella, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus

Question 46

What can rabbits spread in the urine?

Answer 46

Lepto

Question 47

What can rabbits spread in their faeces?

Answer 47

E Coli, Salmonella, Yersinia, Brachyspira, C diff (G pigs, hamsters, gerbils)

Question 48

What three pathogens can snakes carry?

Answer 48

Salmonella, Aeromonas, Mycobacterium

Question 49

How many zoonoses do brown rats carry?

Answer 49

35

Question 50

What % prevalence is hantavirus in rat owners?

Answer 50

33% owner prevalence

Question 51

What can rats spread in their skin?

Answer 51

Dermatophytes

Question 52

What 4 things can rats spread in their faeces?

Answer 52

Campylobacter, S typhimurium, Yersinia, Crypto

Question 53

What are 3 unusual Salmonella serotypes found in rat faeces?

Answer 53

S orianenburg, poona, arizonae

Question 54

What do giant millipedes release when threatened?

Answer 54

Hydrocyanic acid and benzoquinones

Question 55

WHat does the giant millipede secretion cause in humans?

Answer 55

Erythema, blistering, looks like intentional injury