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Dig > L13: Inflammation > Flashcards

L13: Inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common symptom for acute inflammation

A

Diarrhoea

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2
Q

What are the 4 types of diarrhoea

A

Secretory
Hypermotility
Defective ion transport
Osmotic

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3
Q

What are the causes of acute inflammation

A

Bacterial
Pathogenic
Travellers tummy
Irritable bowel syndrome

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4
Q

What is a source of bacteria

A

Uncooked food

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5
Q

What is travellers tummy

A

Patient goes abroad

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6
Q

What is coeliac disease

A

Inappropriate responce to gluten that leads to villous atrophy

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7
Q

What is the cause of irritable bowel syndrome

A

Multifactorial (genetic and environmental)

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8
Q

What is Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis

A

Irritable bowel syndrome

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9
Q

Which inflammatory marker is high in a IBS patient

A

Calprotectin

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10
Q

Where is calprotectin found in

A

Neutrophils

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11
Q

Why is there a high level of calprotectin in IBS patient

A

Patients have a permeable gut so neutrophils containing the calprotectin escape into the gut

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12
Q

From what source do we detect high levels of calprotectin from

A

Faeces of a patient

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13
Q

What is the difference between where ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease appear

A

Ulcerative colitis: appears in rectum

Crohn’s disease: appears anywhere from mouth to anus

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14
Q

What is the difference of layers affected in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis

A

Ulcerative colitis: affects on the mucosa (inner layer) of intestine
Crohn’s disease: affects all the layers of intestine

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15
Q

What is the treatment for ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease

A

Steroid
Anti-inflammatories called aminosalicylates
Immunosuppressants called azathioprine
Biologics called anti-TNFa

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16
Q

What is the surgical treatment for ulcerative colitis

A

Colectomy - remove colon

Protocolectomy- put into ileo-anal pouch

17
Q

What is the surgical treatment for Crohn’s disease

A

Segmental resection

18
Q

What is the definition of diarrhoea

A

Loss of fluid and solutes from the gastrointestinal tract in excess of 500mL/day

19
Q

What is secretory diarrhoea

A

Toxin causes a rise in CAMP
CAMP inhibits the absorption of sodium/H or CL/HCO3
This creates an osmotic potential so h20 flows out of the gut

20
Q

What is hypermotility diarrhoea

A

Increased motility in GIT

Water gets delivered into the colon

21
Q

What is defective ion transport colon

A

Sodium transport is not efficient due to bile inhibiting the transport
Osmotic potential is created
Water is drawn into the colon

22
Q

What is osmotic diarrhoea

A

Hypertonic fluid in intestinal lumen draws water into the colon

23
Q

What is the therapy for mild travellers tummy

A

Loperamide

24
Q

What is the therapy form severe travellers tummy

A

Antibiotics

25
Q

What do patients with coeliac disease present with

A

Immunoglobin A and G antibodies

26
Q

Is steroids for the treatment of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis for remission or maintenance

A

Remission

27
Q

Which 3 medication for Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis is for maintenance

A

Biologics: anti-TNFa
Immunosuppressants: azothioprine
Anti-inflammatory: aminosalicyates

Dig (20 decks)

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