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Dig > L12: Motility > Flashcards

L12: Motility Flashcards

1
Q

What happens to the fold of the stomach when you eat

A

Flatten out

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2
Q

What happens to the intraluminal pressure of the stomach as you eat

A

Increases

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3
Q

What is receptive relaxation

A

Relaxation of the fungus

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4
Q

Why does gastric motility occur

A

To sieve the particles into small particles and increase the surface area

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5
Q

What are the phases of gastric motility

A

Propulsion
Grinding
Retro propulsion

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6
Q

What is the function of the pylorus of the stomach

A

Allow emptying of gastric contents
Prevents regurigitation of duodenal contents into the stomach
Prevent bile from entering the stomach

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7
Q

What are the 3 phases of gastric emptying

A

Cephallic
Gastric
Intestinal

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8
Q

What is the cephallic phase in gastric emptying

A

Inhibitory phase to store when it receives food

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9
Q

What is the gastric phase in gastric emptying

A

Excitatory phase which the stomach empties

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10
Q

What is the intestinal phase of gastric emptying

A

Inhibitory phase to allow time for digestion

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11
Q

What is the function of the motor activity of the GIT

A

Segmental contractions
Peristaltic contraction
Act as reservoirs

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12
Q

What are the types of motility in the small intestine in the fed state

A

Segmentation

Peristalsis

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13
Q

What is segmentation

A

Rings of circular muscle that contract and relax to mix

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14
Q

What is peristalsis

A

Contraction of circular and longitudinal muscle to propel chyme along

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15
Q

What is the motility in the fasted state

A

Migrating motor complex

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16
Q

What is the migrating motor complex

A

Large sweeps of motor activity that start in the stomach

17
Q

What happens to the migrating motor complex as you go down the gut

A

Diminishes

18
Q

What happens to the migrating motor complex when you eat

A

Does not occur

19
Q

Why does the motor migrating complex occur

A

Keeps the bowel healthy by cleansing the bowel
Dead enterocytes are cleaned
Prevents bacterial overgrowth

20
Q

What is the ileocaecal sphincter

A

Separates the ileum from the colon

21
Q

How does he ileocaecal sphincter relax to open

A

Pressure that is proximal to the spinchter causes it to open
Pressure that is distal to the spinchter causes it to remain shut

22
Q

Does the colon have vili

A

No

23
Q

Does the colon have crypts axis

A

Yes

24
Q

What are the functions of the colon

A

Absorb liquid
Provided environment for beneficial bacteria which synthesise vitamin k and b complex
Absorb short chain fatty acids
Secrete mucus and ions

25
Q

What is the main function of the proximal colon

A

Site of absorption and bacteria fermentation

26
Q

What is the main function of the distal colon

A

Storage

27
Q

What are the types of motility in the colon

A

Colonic rhythmic phasic contractions

Giant migrating contractions

28
Q

What is the colonic rhythmic phasic contractions

A

Equivalent to segmentation that allow mixing with long and short duration contractions

29
Q

What is the giant migrating contraction of the colon

A

Equivalent to propulsion

Large sweeps of activity that propel faecal matter downwards like the motor migrating complex

30
Q

How can you stimulate motility in the colon

A

Bulk

Myenteric plexus

31
Q

What are the classification of laxatives

A

Stimulant laxatives
Osmotic laxatives
Emollient laxatives
Bulk forming laxatives

32
Q

Which nervous system is involved in the extrinsic innervation of the colon

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

33
Q

What is the defamation reflex

A

Distension of the rectum when faceal matter comes in

34
Q

Which plexus of the enteric nervous system controls the defamation reflex

A

Myenteric plexus

35
Q

Which other nervous system reinforces the defecation reflex

A

Parasympathetic motor neurones in the sacral spine

Somatic motor neurones

Dig (20 decks)

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