L12: Motility

Question 1

What happens to the fold of the stomach when you eat

Answer 1

Flatten out

Question 2

What happens to the intraluminal pressure of the stomach as you eat

Answer 2

Increases

Question 3

What is receptive relaxation

Answer 3

Relaxation of the fungus

Question 4

Why does gastric motility occur

Answer 4

To sieve the particles into small particles and increase the surface area

Question 5

What are the phases of gastric motility

Answer 5

Propulsion
Grinding
Retro propulsion

Question 6

What is the function of the pylorus of the stomach

Answer 6

Allow emptying of gastric contents
Prevents regurigitation of duodenal contents into the stomach
Prevent bile from entering the stomach

Question 7

What are the 3 phases of gastric emptying

Answer 7

Cephallic
Gastric
Intestinal

Question 8

What is the cephallic phase in gastric emptying

Answer 8

Inhibitory phase to store when it receives food

Question 9

What is the gastric phase in gastric emptying

Answer 9

Excitatory phase which the stomach empties

Question 10

What is the intestinal phase of gastric emptying

Answer 10

Inhibitory phase to allow time for digestion

Question 11

What is the function of the motor activity of the GIT

Answer 11

Segmental contractions
Peristaltic contraction
Act as reservoirs

Question 12

What are the types of motility in the small intestine in the fed state

Answer 12

Segmentation

Peristalsis

Question 13

What is segmentation

Answer 13

Rings of circular muscle that contract and relax to mix

Question 14

What is peristalsis

Answer 14

Contraction of circular and longitudinal muscle to propel chyme along

Question 15

What is the motility in the fasted state

Answer 15

Migrating motor complex

Question 16

What is the migrating motor complex

Answer 16

Large sweeps of motor activity that start in the stomach

Question 17

What happens to the migrating motor complex as you go down the gut

Answer 17

Diminishes

Question 18

What happens to the migrating motor complex when you eat

Answer 18

Does not occur

Question 19

Why does the motor migrating complex occur

Answer 19

Keeps the bowel healthy by cleansing the bowel
Dead enterocytes are cleaned
Prevents bacterial overgrowth

Question 20

What is the ileocaecal sphincter

Answer 20

Separates the ileum from the colon

Question 21

How does he ileocaecal sphincter relax to open

Answer 21

Pressure that is proximal to the spinchter causes it to open
Pressure that is distal to the spinchter causes it to remain shut

Question 22

Does the colon have vili

Answer 22

No

Question 23

Does the colon have crypts axis

Answer 23

Yes

Question 24

What are the functions of the colon

Answer 24

Absorb liquid
Provided environment for beneficial bacteria which synthesise vitamin k and b complex
Absorb short chain fatty acids
Secrete mucus and ions

Question 25

What is the main function of the proximal colon

Answer 25

Site of absorption and bacteria fermentation

Question 26

What is the main function of the distal colon

Answer 26

Storage

Question 27

What are the types of motility in the colon

Answer 27

Colonic rhythmic phasic contractions | Giant migrating contractions

Question 28

What is the colonic rhythmic phasic contractions

Answer 28

Equivalent to segmentation that allow mixing with long and short duration contractions

Question 29

What is the giant migrating contraction of the colon

Answer 29

Equivalent to propulsion | Large sweeps of activity that propel faecal matter downwards like the motor migrating complex

Question 30

How can you stimulate motility in the colon

Answer 30

Bulk | Myenteric plexus

Question 31

What are the classification of laxatives

Answer 31

Stimulant laxatives Osmotic laxatives Emollient laxatives Bulk forming laxatives

Question 32

Which nervous system is involved in the extrinsic innervation of the colon

Answer 32

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 33

What is the defamation reflex

Answer 33

Distension of the rectum when faceal matter comes in

Question 34

Which plexus of the enteric nervous system controls the defamation reflex

Answer 34

Myenteric plexus

Question 35

Which other nervous system reinforces the defecation reflex

Answer 35

Parasympathetic motor neurones in the sacral spine | Somatic motor neurones