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Dig > L02: Gross Anatomy Of The Digestive Tract And Peritoneal Coverings > Flashcards

L02: Gross Anatomy Of The Digestive Tract And Peritoneal Coverings Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 processes of the digestive system

A 
Ingestion: take in food  
Digestion: breakdown food into smaller substances 
Absorption: food taken into the cells 
Assimilation: provide energy 
Egestion: removal of undigested food
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2
Q

When the food is taken in which tube does it travel first

A

Oesophagus

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3
Q

Where does the food go after the oesophagus

A

Stomach

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4
Q

Where does the food go after the stomach

A

Small intestine

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5
Q

Where does the food go after the small intestine

A

Large intestine

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6
Q

What are the valves of the digestive sytem

A

Anal spinchter

Gastro-oesophageal sphincter

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7
Q

What is the anatomical boundaries of the abdominopelvic cavity

A 
Superior border: diaphragm
Anterior border: 
superior: abdominal muscles 
inferior: anterior border of the bony pelvis 
Posterior border:
Superior: ribs and vertebral column 
Inferior: pelvic floor and perineum 
Lateral:
Supero-lateral : ribs 
Inferno-lateral: thigh
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8
Q

What are the quadrants of the abdomen

A

Right upper
Left upper
Right lower
Left lower

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9
Q

What is the linea alba

A

Point from xyphoid process and pubic symphisis

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10
Q

What point does the horizontal line run through

A

The umbilicus

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11
Q

Which major organs are in the right upper quadrant

A

Liver
Gallbladder
Duodenum
Common bile duct

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12
Q

Which major organs are in the left upper quadrant

A

Pancreas
Stomach
Pancreatic duct

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13
Q

Which major organs are in the right lower quadrant

A 
Transverse colon 
Ascending colon 
Cecum 
Appendix 
Ileum
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14
Q

Which major organs are in the left lower quadrant

A 
Transverse colon 
Descending colon 
Anus 
Rectum 
Ileum
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15
Q

What are the 9 abdominal regions

A 
Right hypochondriac region 
Epigastric region 
Left hypochondriac region 
Right lumbar region 
Umbilical region 
Left lumbar region 
Right iliac region 
Hypogastric region 
Left iliac region
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16
Q

What are the 2 horizontal lines called

A

Subcostal plane

Trans tubercular plane

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17
Q

What are the point of reference for subcostal plane

A

Left to right rib cage 10 costal cartilage

18
Q

What is the point of reference for the trans-tubercular plane

A

Two tubercles of the iliac crest

19
Q

What are the layers of the abdominal wall from superficial to deep

A 
Skin 
Campers fascia 
Scarpa fascia 
Superficial Investing deep fascia 
External oblique 
Intermediate Investing deep fascia 
Internal oblique 
Deep Investing deep fascia 
Transverse abdominis 
Endoabdominal fascia 
Extra peritoneal fat 
Parietal peritoneum
20
Q

Which fascia from campers or scarpa fascia contains fat

A

Camper fascia

21
Q

What is peritoneum

A

Simple squamous epithelium

22
Q

What are the 2 types of the peritoneum

A

Parietal

Visceral

23
Q

What are the 2 sacs in the peritoneal cavity

A

Greater sac

Lesser sac

24
Q

What is a clinical signifance of the lesser sac

A

Peptic ulcers can leak into the lesser sac

25
Q

Where does the lesser sac sit

A

Posterior to the stomach

26
Q

What leads into the lesser sac

A

The epiploic foramen of Winslow

27
Q

Where is the pancreas

A

Behind the lesser sac

28
Q

What does the parietal peritoneum cover

A

Lines the internal surface of the abdominal wall

29
Q

What does the visceral peritoneum cover

A

Visceral organs

30
Q

What nervous system is the parietal peritoneum innervated by

A

Sensory division of Somatic nervous system

31
Q

What is the visceral peritoneum innervated by

A

Sensory division of the autonomic nervous system

32
Q

What are retroperitoneal organs

A

The organs lying posterior to the parietal peritoneum

33
Q

An example of an retroperitoneal organs

A

Kidney

34
Q

What is a ligament of the abdomen

A

A double fold of visceral peritoneum that joins two abdominal organs

A double fold of visceral peritoneum that attaches a visceral organ to the posterior abdominal wall

35
Q

What is an omentum

A

A double fold of peritoneum that starts on the greater and lesser curvatures of the stomach to connect to other abdominal viscera

36
Q

What is between the omentum

A

Fat
White blood cells
Peritoneal fluid

37
Q

What is the lesser omentum

A

Lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver

38
Q

What is a mesentery

A

A double fold of peritoneum starting on the intestines and ending back on the intestine and containing neurovascular structures

39
Q

What are the colic compartment

A

Supracolic

Infracolic

40
Q

What is the supra and infrac colic compartment divided by

A

Transverse mesocolon

Dig (20 decks)

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