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BPM 3 > Know your Parasites Fam > Flashcards

Know your Parasites Fam Flashcards

1
Q

Plasmodium

A

Blood and tissue protozoa

*transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes

4 species P. Falicparum, P. vixvax, P. ovale and P. malariae

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2
Q

Leishmania

A

Blood and tissue protozoa

  • transmitted by sandflies
  • leads to visceral, cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis
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3
Q

Trypanosoma

A

Blood and tissue protozoa

  • In Africa- Sleeping sickness( via Tsetse fly)
  • In South America- Chaga’s disease( via Reduviid bug)
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4
Q

Toxoplasma gondii

A

Blood and tissue protozoa

  • transmitted by the ingestion of oocyst from cat faeces.
  • leads to serve manifestations, neonatal toxoplasmosis
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5
Q

Naegleria fowlerio

A

Free living Amoeba

  • found in freshwater, lakes and streams,
  • causes fatal brain infection Primary acute meningoencephalitis
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6
Q

Acanthamoeba

A

Free living Amoeba

  • found in environmental water sources, transmitted in contact lens
  • Infection of the eye causing keratitis resulting in pain
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7
Q

Ascaris Lumbricoides

A

common roundworn

  • infects 25% of human pop.
  • enhance morbidity for other infections
  • Larvae( Asthma or pneumonia)
  • Adult( Diarrhea, GI symptoms)
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8
Q

Ascaris

A

Roundworm, Intestinal nematode

  • Found in condition of poor hygiene, transmitted by fecal -oral route
  • Lives in small intestine
  • causes eosinophilia
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9
Q

Enterobius

A

Pinworm, Intestinal nematode

  • prevalent in cold temps
  • found mainly in children
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10
Q

Trichuris

A

Whipworm, Intestinal nematode

  • soil transmitted
  • warm, humid condition
  • causes diarrhoea, rectal prolapse and anaemia
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11
Q

Ancylostoma and Necator

A

Hookworm, Intestinal nematode

  • major cause of anaemia in the tropics
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12
Q

Strongyloides

A

Intestinal nematode

  • inhabits the small bowel
  • more serve in immunosuppressed people
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13
Q

Toxocara

A

Tissue nematodes

  • worldwide infection of cat and dogs
  • Common in children can cause visceral larva migrans
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14
Q

Trichinella

A

Tissue nematodes

  • Consumption of poorly cooked meat
  • Encysted larvae in striated muscle, symptoms depend on location
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15
Q

Onchocerca Volvulus

A

Filarial nematode

  • transmitted by Simulium( black fly)
  • causes visual impairment and blindness, itching
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16
Q

Wuchereria bancroft

A

Filarial nematode

*major cause of lymphatic filariasis

17
Q

Bruia malayi

A

Filarial nematode

  • causes lymphatic filariasis
18
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

A

Intestinal fluke, tremadoes

  • common in human in pigs in Southeast Asia
  • large and lives in upper intestine
  • chronic infection lead to inflammation and ulceration and haemorrhage of the small intestine
19
Q

Paragonimus westermani

A

Lung fluke,tremadoes

  • Far east and Southeast Asia
  • ingestion of raw or pickled crastacean
20
Q

Fasciola hepatica

A

Liver Fluke,tremadoes

  • parasite of sheep and humans
  • ingest metacercariae on watercrest
  • lives in intrahepatic bile ducts of liver, Fascioliasis causes serve anemia in humans
21
Q

Clonorchis sinensis

A

Chinese liver fluke, tremadoes

  • Wide Spread in Southeast Asia
  • Ingestion of raw or pickled fish
22
Q

S. japonicum and S. manosoni

A

Blood Fluke, Schistosoma

  • can penetrate though skin
  • localize to mesenteric veins
  • eggs in stool
23
Q

S. haematobium

A

Blood Fluke, Schistosoma

  • can penetrate though skin
  • Veins around bladder
  • eggs in urine
24
Q

Taenia saginata

A

Beef tape worm, Cestodes

  • ingest of uncooked beef
  • minimal symptoms
25
Q

Taenia solium

A

Pork tapeworm, Cestodes

*ingestion of uncooked pork that contain cysticerci

26
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

A

Dog tapeworm, Cestodes

  • Hydatid disease in larval stages
  • Develops and causes space occupying lesions in liver or brain
27
Q

Echinococcus multilocularis

A

Dog tapeworm, Cestodes

  • Hydatid disease in larval stages
  • Develops and causes space occupying lesions in liver or brain
28
Q

Entamoeba histolytica

A

Protozoa, via fecal oral

  • uses pseudopodia for locomation
  • invades colon causing bloody stool, liver abscess
  • reproduces asexaully
29
Q

Giardia lamblia

A

Protozoa, via fecal oral

  • Flagellated
  • World wide distribution
  • Lives in small intestine resulting in malabsorption
  • Reproduces asexually
30
Q

Balantidium Coli

A

Protozoa, via fecal oral

  • Large ciliated parasite
  • lives in colon of humans, pigs, rodents
  • causes colonic ulceration
  • reproduces asexaully
31
Q

Cryptosporidium parvum

A

Protozoa, via fecal oral

  • NON-motile
  • Present in immunocompromised patients
  • reproduces SEXUALLY
32
Q

Cyclospora cayetanensis

A

Protozoa, via fecal oral

  • NON-motile
  • small intestinal mucosa
  • causes diarrhea
  • reproduces SEXUALLY
33
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Protozoa, via fecal oral

  • Flagellated
  • sexually transmitted
  • reproduces asexually

BPM 3 (56 decks)

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