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MSK System > Knee > Flashcards

Knee Flashcards

1
Q

What type of joint is the knee?

A

Hinge joint

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2
Q

What bones make up the knee?

A

Femur
Tibia
Patella

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3
Q

What are the articulating surfaces?

A

Femoral condyles
Tibial condyles
Patellar surface of femur
Articular surface of patella

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4
Q

Which femoral condyle is larger?

A

Medial - takes more weight

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5
Q

What is between the femoral condyles?

A

Anteriorly - shallow depression for patella articulation

Posteriorly - intercondylar fossa

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6
Q

What makes up the tibial surface?

A

Tibial plateau
Medial surface - slightly concave
Lateral surface - slightly convex

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7
Q

What type of bone is the patella?

A

Sesamoid

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8
Q

What structure deepens the articular surface of the tibial element?

A

Menisci

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9
Q

What supports the knee joint?

A

Ligaments
Capsule
Muscles

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10
Q

What are the menisci?

A

Wedge shaped crescentic plates of fibrocartilage

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11
Q

What are the functions of the menisci?

A

Deepen the surface of articulation

Act as shock absorbers

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12
Q

How are the menisci attached to the joint capsule?

A

Coronary ligaments

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13
Q

How are the menisci attached anteriorly?

A

Transverse ligament of the knee

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14
Q

What are the intracapsular ligaments?

A

Anterior cruciate ligament

Posterior cruciate ligament

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15
Q

Where does the ACL lie?

A

Orignates anteriorly
Passes posteriorly
Inserts laterally

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16
Q

Where does the PCL lie?

A

Originates posteriorly
Passes anteriorly
Inserts medially

17
Q

Which cruciate ligament is weaker?

18
Q

What is the function of the ACL?

A

Limits anterior movement of the tibia on the femur

19
Q

What is the function of the PCL?

A

Limits posterior movement of the tibia on the femur

Main stabiliser when weight bearing on a flexed knee

20
Q

What is the joint capsule?

A

Capsule that surround the sides and posterior aspect of the joint

21
Q

Why is the joint capsule absent anteriorly?

A

Allows synovial membrane to extend up beneath patella

22
Q

What strengthens the joint capsule laterally?

A

Inferior fibres of vastus lateralis/medialis

23
Q

What strengthens the joint capsule posteriorly?

A

Oblique popliteal ligament

24
Q

What are the extra-capsular ligaments?

A

Medial collateral ligament

Lateral collateral ligament

25
Q

Where does the medial collateral ligament lie?

A

Medial femoral epicondyle to tibia

26
Q

Where does the lateral collateral ligament lie?

A

Lateral femoral epicondyle to lateral surface of fibular head

27
Q

What are the main movements of the knee?

A

Flexion

Extension

28
Q

What are the important knee bursae?

A

Supra-patellar
Pre-patellar
Superficial infra-patellar

MSK System (25 decks)

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