Hip Flashcards
What type of joint is the hip joint?
Ball and socket
What bones make up the hip joint?
Pelvis and femur
What bones fuse to make the pelvis?
Ilium
Pubis
Ischium
What are the key parts of the femur?
Femoral head Neck Greater trochanter Lesser trochanter Intertrochanteric line Shaft
What forms the socket of the joint?
Acetabulum
What forms the ball of the joint?
Femoral head
What is the acetabulum?
Point where all hip bones converge
What strengthens the hip joint?
Labrum
Joint capsule
Ligaments
Muscles
What is the acetabular labrum?
Fibrocartilaginous rim attached to margin of acetabulum
What strengthens the inferior portion of the acetabulum?
Transverse acetabular ligament
What is the joint capsule?
Spiral fibres that sit around the joint
What is the anterior attachment of the joint capsule?
Intertrochanteric line
What is the posterior attachment of the joint capsule?
Neck of femur
What does the capsule do during hip extension?
Pulls femoral head into acetabulum
What are the 3 ligaments that strengthen the capsule?
Iliofemoral
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral
What are the accessory ligaments?
Ligament of head of femur
Transverse acetabular ligament
What shape is the iliofemoral ligament?
Y shapes
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament?
Protects hip superiorly + anteriorly
Prevent hyperextension
What is the function of the pubofemoral ligament?
Protects hip anteriorly + inferiorly
Prevents over abduction
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament?
Limits extension
What is the function of the transverse acetabular ligament?
Stabilises the head of the femur
What is the function of the ligament of head of femur?
Stabilises head of the femur
Prevents excessive abduction
Which muscles flex the hip?
Iliopsoas
Rectus femorus
Sartorius
Which muscles adduct the hip?
Adductors
Pectineus
Gracilius
Obturator externus
Which muscles extend the hip?
Gluteus maximus
Long head of biceps femoris
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Which muscles abduct the hip?
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fascia latae
Which muscles laterally rotate the hip?
Piriformis Superior gemellus Obturator internus Inferior gemellu s Quadratus femoris
What nerves innervate the hip joint?
Anterior = femoral nerve Inferior = obturator nerve Superior = superior gluteal nerve Posterior = nerve to quadratus femoris
What is the blood supply to the hip joint?
Deep femoral artery
- medial circumflex femoral artery
- lateral circumflex femoral artery
Obturator artery
- via ligament of head of femur
