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MSK System > Ankle + Foot Conditions > Flashcards

Ankle + Foot Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

What X-Ray view is used to assess ankle fractures?

A

Mortise view

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2
Q

What is the mechanism of ankle fractures?

A

Inversion

Eversion

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3
Q

What is an unstable ankle fracture?

A

Bone no longer in correct alignment

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4
Q

How is a stable ankle fracture managed?

A

Cast/boot for comfort

Weight bear

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5
Q

How is an unstable ankle fracture managed?

A

Surgical stabilisation

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6
Q

What is an ankle sprain?

A

Partial/complete tear of one or more ankle ligaments

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7
Q

What is a common complication of ankle sprains?

A

5th metatarsal avulsion fracture

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8
Q

What is an avulsion fracture?

A

Bone pulled off by tendon/ligament

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9
Q

Who tends to get an achilles tendon rupture and why?

A

Middle aged

  • decreased capillary density
  • decreased elastin = more stiff
  • decreased collagen synthesis
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10
Q

What test is used to assess achilles tendon rupture?

A

Thompson’s test

Patient kneels on chair
Squeeze calf
Foot should lift

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11
Q

What is a valgus deformity?

A

Deviation of the distal limb away from the midline

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12
Q

What is a varus deformity?

A

Deviation of the distal limb towards the midline

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13
Q

What is hallux valgus also known as?

A

Bunions

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14
Q

What is hallux valgus?

A

Medial deviation of 1st metatarsal - end of the toe points away

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15
Q

What can cause hallux valgus?

A

Genetic factors
Ligamental laxity
Shoe choices

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16
Q

How can hallux valgus be managed?

A

Change shoes - comfort

Surgical re-alignment of great toe bone = metatarsal osteotomy

17
Q

What is hallux rigidus?

A

OA of the 1st MTPJ

18
Q

How does hallux rigidus present?

A

Pain in MTPJ

Lump over joint

19
Q

What is a claw toe?

A

Hyperextension at MTPJ

Flexed at PIPJ

20
Q

What is a Hammer toe?

A

Flexed at PIPJ

21
Q

What is a mallet toe?

A

Flexed at DIPJ

22
Q

What is achilles tendinopathy?

A

Degenerative non inflammatory process

Can be insertional or non-insertional

23
Q

What can cause achilles tendinopathy?

A

Overuse syndrome
Poor training in athletes
Obesity

24
Q

What is charcot arthropathy?

A

Destruction of bones and soft tissue

MSK System (25 decks)

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