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MSK System > Dermatomes + Myotomes > Flashcards

Dermatomes + Myotomes Flashcards

1
Q

What are spinal nerve roots?

A

Roots connect each spinal nerve to a segment of the cord

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2
Q

What do dorsal roots carry?

A

Afferent/sensory fibres

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3
Q

What do ventral roots carry?

A

Efferent/motor fibres

Autonomic fibres

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4
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

A

31

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5
Q

Where does the spinal cord start?

A

Medulla oblongata

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6
Q

Where does the spinal cord end?

A

Conus Medullaris at L2

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7
Q

What is the cauda equina?

A

Descending spinal roots from below L2

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8
Q

Where do C1-7 exit in relation to their vertebrae?

A

Above the vertebrae

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9
Q

Where does C8 exit in relation to vertebrae?

A

Between C7 and T1

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10
Q

Where do T1-L5? exit in relation to vertebrae?

A

Below the vertebrae

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11
Q

Where do S1-4 exit in relation to vertebrae?

A

Exit via 4 pairs of sacral foramina

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12
Q

Where do S5 and Co1 exit in relation to vertebrae?

A

Exit via sacral hiatus

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13
Q

What is a ramus?

A

Mixed spinal nerves divide into rami

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14
Q

What is supplied by the posterior/dorsal ramus?

A

Deep muscles

Skin of dorsal trunk

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15
Q

What is supplied by the anterior/ventral ramus?

A

Muscles + skin of limbs
Lateral trunk
Ventral trunk

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16
Q

What is supplied by the rami communicantes?

A

Components of the autonomic system

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17
Q

What is supplied by the meningeal branch of spinal nerves?

A

Vertebrae
Ligaments
Blood vessels
Meninges

18
Q

What happens to the dorsal/posterior rami?

A

Divides into medial and lateral branches

Supplies skin of back in segmental manner

19
Q

What happens to the ventral/anterior rami?

A

Segmental for the trunk

Enter the plexuses to supply the limbs

20
Q

What is a dermatome?

A

Area of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve

21
Q

What is a myotome?

A

Group of muscle supplied by a single spinal nerve

22
Q

What is the axial line?

A

Junction of 2 dermatomes supplied from discontinuous spinal levels

23
Q

What do axial lines mark?

A

Centre of ventral or dorsal compartments of the limbs

24
Q

What is the significance of dermatomes and axial lines?

A

There is functional overlap between dermatomes but they do not cross axial lines

25
Q

What are axial borders?

A

Boundaries of dorsal and ventral compartments marked by superficial veins

26
Q

What marks the pre-axial border in the upper limb?

A

Cephalic vein

27
Q

What marks the post-axial border in the upper limb?

A

Basilic vein

28
Q

What marks the pre-axial border in the lower limb?

A

Great saphenous vein

29
Q

What marks the post-axial border in the lower limb?

A

Small saphenous vein

30
Q

What are the myotomes in the upper limb?

A 
C5
C6
C7
C8
T1
31
Q

What is the action of the C5 myotome?

A

Shoulder abduction

External rotation

32
Q

What is the action of the C6 myotome?

A

Elbow flexion
Wrist extension
Supination

33
Q

What is the action of the C7 myotome?

A

Elbow extension
Wrist flexion
Pronation

34
Q

What is the action of the C8 myotome?

A

Finger flexion

Finger extension

35
Q

What is the action of the T1 myotome?

A

Finger abduction + adduction

36
Q

What are the myotomes in the lower limb?

A 
L2
L3
L4
L5
S1
S2
37
Q

What is the action of the L2 myotome?

A

Hip flexion

38
Q

What is the action of the L3 myotome?

A

Knee extension

39
Q

What is the action of the L4 myotome?

A

Ankle dorsiflexion

40
Q

What is the action of the L5 myotome?

A

Great toe extension

41
Q

What is the action of the S1 myotome?

A

Ankle plantar-flexion

42
Q

What is the action of the S2 myotome?

A

Great toe flexion

MSK System (25 decks)

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