key terms - learning

Question 1

thorndike

Answer 1

law of effect; operant

Question 2

watson

Answer 2

little albert; classical conditioning

Question 3

trace conditioning

Answer 3

cs presented before us

Question 4

backward conditioning

Answer 4

us presented before cs - doesnt work

Question 5

delay conditioning

Answer 5

cs presented before us, they overlap a bit

Question 6

best type of conditioning

Answer 6

delay

Question 7

stimulus generalization

Answer 7

salivating to other bell tones; little albert (classical)

Question 8

habituation

Answer 8

classical; habituate to US (noise) get used to it and no longer elicits startle

Question 9

satiation

Answer 9

operant; satiate to rewards/reinforcement

Question 10

behavior increased; stimulus applied after behavior

Answer 10

reward; positive reinforcement

Question 11

behavior increased; stimulus removed after the behavior

Answer 11

relief, stop nagging, negative reinforcement

Question 12

behavior decreased; stimulus applied after behavior

Answer 12

punishment; positive punishment

Question 13

behavior decreased; stimulus removed after the behavior

Answer 13

loss; grounding; negative punishment

Question 14

degree of operant strength in reinforcement schedules

Answer 14

VAR ratio
fixed rat
VAR INT
fixed int

Question 15

behavioral contrast

Answer 15

when two behaviors are originally reinforced, and stop reinforcing, the one not reinforced goes down, the other increases

Question 16

Reciprocal determinism

Answer 16

is a social learning theory that describes how a person’s behavior, thoughts, and the environment interact and influence each other

Question 17

if behavior decreases

Answer 17

punishment

Question 18

if stimulus applied after behavior

Answer 18

positive

Question 19

Response cost

Answer 19

is used to reduce or eliminate a behavior and does so by using negative punishment – i.e., by removing a positive reinforcer whenever the behavior occurs.

Question 20

___ is least susceptible to satiation

Answer 20

generalized reinforcers

Question 21

Overcorrection is considered an application of ___because it involves applying a penalty (restitution and/or positive practice) after the target behavior occurs in order to reduce or eliminate that behavior.

Answer 21

positive punishment