Key Terms for Topic on Memory Flashcards
What is absentmindedness?
Lapses in memory that are caused by breaks in attention or our focus being somewhere else
What is amnesia?
Loss of long-term memory that occurs as the result of disease, physical trauma, or psychological trauma
What is anterograde amnesia?
Loss of memory for events that occur after the brain trauma
What is chunking?
Organizing information into mangeable bits of chunks
What is construction?
Formulation of new memories
What is false memory syndrome?
Recall of false autobiographical memories
What is flashbulb memory?
Exceptionally clear recollection of an important event
What is forgetting?
Loss of information from long-term memory
What is long-term memory (LTM)?
Continuous storage of information
What is memory?
Set of processes used to encode, store, and retrieve information over different periods of time
What is a memory-enhancing strategy?
Technique to help make sure information goes from short-term memory to long-term memory
What is a mnemonic device?
Memory aids that help organize information for encoding
What is procedural memory?
Type of long-term memory for making skilled actions, such as how to brush your teeth, how to drive a car, and how to swim
What is recall?
Accessing information without cues
What is recognition?
Identifying previously learned information after encountering it again, usually in response to a cue
What is reconstruction?
Process of bringing up old memories that might be distorted by new information
What is relearning?
Learning information that was previously learned
What is rehearsal?
Repetition of information to be remembered
What is retrieval?
Act of getting information out of long-term memory storage and back into conscious awareness
What is retrograde amnesia?
Loss of memory for events that occurred prior to brain trauma
What is the self-reference effect?
Tendency for an individual to have better memory for information that relates to oneself in comparison to material that has less personal relevance
What is semantic encoding?
Input of words and their meaning
What is semantic memory?
Type of declarative memory about words, concepts, and language-based knowledge and facts
What is short-term memory (STM)?
Holds about seven bits of information before it is forgotten or stored, as well as information that has been retrieved and is being used
What is storage?
Creation of a permanent record of information
What is suggestibility?
Effects of misinformation from external sources that leads to the creation of false memories
What is transience?
Memory error in which unused memories fade with the passage of time
What is sensory memory?
Storage of brief sensory events, such as sights, sounds, and tastes
