Erikson's Psychosocial Stages Theory Flashcards
What is the first stage?
Infancy (0 to 18 months)
What basic conflict occurs during the infancy stage?
Trust vs. Mistrust
What important events occur during the infancy stage?
Feeding/comfort
What are the outcomes of the infancy stage?
Children develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide reliability, care, and affection;
A lack of this will lead to mistrust
What key question is answered in the infancy stage?
“Is my world safe?”
What is the second stage?
Early childhood (2 to 3 years)
What is the basic conflict during the early childhood stage?
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
What important events occur during the early childhood stage?
Toilet training/dressing
What key question is answered during the early childhood stage?
“Can I do things by myself or need I always rely on others?”
What is the outcome of the early childhood stage?
Children need to develop a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of independence;
Success leads to feeling of autonomy, failure results in feelings of shame and doubt
What is the third stage?
Preschool (3 to 5 years)
What basic conflict occurs during the preschool stage?
Initiative vs. Guilt
What important event occurs during the preschool stage?
Exploration/play
What key question is answered during the preschool stage?
“Am I good or bad?”
What is the outcome of the preschool stage?
Children need to begin asserting control and power over the environment;
Success in this state leads to a sense of purpose;
Children who try to exert too much power experience disapproval, resulting in a sense of guilt
What is the fourth stage?
School age (6 to 11)
What is the basic conflict during the school age stage?
Industry vs. Inferiority
What is the important event that occurs during the school age stage?
School/activities
What key question is answered during the school age stage?
“How can I be good?”
What is the outcome of the school age stage?
Children need to cope with new social and academic demands;
Success leads to a sense of compentence, failure results in feeling of inferiority
What is the fifth stage?
Adolescence (12 to 18 years)
What is the basic conflict of the adolescence age?
Identity vs. Role Confusion
What important event occurred during the adolescence age?
Social relationships/Identity
What is the outcome of the adolescence age?
Teens need to develop a sense of self and personal identity;
Success leads to an ability to stay true to yourself, failure leads to role confusion and a weak sense of self
