Chapter 1: Psychological Perspectives Flashcards

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1
Q

Name some examples of noteworthy humanists.

A

Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers

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2
Q

What did the humanists believe in?

A

They stresssed individual choice and free will

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3
Q

In contrast to the humanists, what did the deterministic behaviorists believe in?

A

They believed that all behaviors were caused by past conditioning

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4
Q

What is an issue with humanistic theories?

A

They are not easily tested by the scientific method

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5
Q

What does the psychoanalytic perspective entail?

A

It states that the unconscious mind–a part of our mind that we do not have conscious control over or access to–controls much of our thought and action

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6
Q

What is entailed in the biopsychology (or nueroscience) perspective?

A

It explains human thought and behavior strictly in terms of biological processes

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7
Q

How do biopsychologists explain human behavior?

A

Through genes, hormones, and neurotransmitters

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8
Q

What is evolutionary psychology?

A

It examines human thoughts and actions in terms of natural selection

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9
Q

What is natural selection?

A

Some psychological triats might be advantageous for survival, and these traits would be passed down from the parents to the next generation

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10
Q

What is the behavioral perspective?

A

It explains human thought and behavior in terms of conditioning

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11
Q

What do behaviorists focus on?

A

They look at observable behaviors and human and animal responses to different kinds of stimuli

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12
Q

What is the cognitive perspective?

A

It examines human thought and behavior in terms of how we interpret, process, and remember environmental events;
Basically based on how we make sense of the world

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13
Q

Name a noteworthy cognitist.

A

Jean Piaget

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14
Q

What is the social-cultural perspective?

A

It looks at how our thoughts and behaviors vary between cultures;
Emphasizes the influence of culture in how we think and act

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15
Q

What is the biopsychosocial perspective?

A

A modern perspective that acknowledges that human thinking and behavior results from combinations of biological, psychological, and social factors

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