key studies-educational processes Flashcards
Kelly ( educational processes) summary
argues science is seen as a boys subjects for several reasons:
1 science teachers are most likely men
2 the examples teachers us, and those in textbooks, often draw on boys rather than girls interests
3 in science lessons boys monopolise the apparatus and dominate the laboratory, acting as if its theirs
weiner
argues that since the 1980s, teachers have challenged such stereotypes.(women being portrayed as housewives and mothers)
Gillborn and Youdell
teachers were stereotypical when streaming. teachers are less likely to see working class kids as having ability.
coard
explains how ethnocentric curriculum may cause under achievement. For example in history the British may be presented as bring civilisation to the “primitive” people they colonised. He argues this image of black people as inferior undermines black students self-esteem leasing to their failure.
Moore and Davenport
They show how selection procedures lead to ethnic segregation with minority pupils failing to get into better schools due to discrimination. For example found that primary school reports were used to screen out pupils with language difficulties.
Ball
ball found that when the school abolished banding the basis for pupils to polarise into subcultures was largely removed and anti subcultures declined.
Whitty
note how marketisation polices such as exam league tables and the funding formula reproduce class inequalities by creating inequalities between schools
David
describes marketised education as a “parentocracy” which literally means “ rule by parents “ power shifts to parents. Those who support argue this gives parents more choice and raises standards
Douglas
found that working class parents placed less value on education. As a result, they were less ambitious for their children and gave them less encouragement and took less interest in education. As a result their children had lower levels of motivation and achivevment
Keddie
describes “cultural deprivation” as a ‘myth’ and sees it as victim blaming explanation. she dismisses the idea that failure at school can be blamed on a culturally deprived background
Francis
found that white boys got more attention, they were disciplned more harshly and felt picked on my teachers, who inteneded to have lower expectations of them
Sewell
Sewell took note of the variety of boys responses. Including racist stereotypes by teachers, can affect achievement . He identifies four such responses: the rebels, the conformists, the retreatists and the innovators.
Mirza
studied ambitious black girls who faced teacher racism. Mirza found that racist teachers discouraged black girls from being ambitious through the kind of advice they gave them about careers and option choices. Mirza identifies three main types of teacher racism:
>the colour blind
>the liberal feminists chauvinists
>the overt racist
Gerwitz
study of 14 London secondary schools. Gerwitz found that differences in parents economic and cultural capital lead to class differences in how far they can exercise choice of secondary schools. she identifies three main types of parents, whom she calls privileged skilled choosers, disconnected local choosers and semi skilled choosers.
Gillborn and youdell *2
They found that teachers were quicker to discipline black pupils than others for the same behaviour. Gillborn and Youdell argue that is a result of racialised expectations. They found that the teachers expected black pupils to present more discipline and misinterpreted their behaviour as threatening or as a challenge to authority.
