class different in achievement-Quickcheck questions

Question 1

what are the three different areas of cultural deprivation theory?

Answer 1

• language
• speech codes
• parents education

Question 2

what did bereiter and engelmann argue?

Answer 2

langauage in working class homes is defiecient

Question 3

who argued that WC children speak with restricted code?

Answer 3

berstein

Question 4

what does a Douglas find about WC parents?

Answer 4

they place less value on education

Question 5

what does WC parenting style consist of?

Answer 5

marked by harsh or inconsistent discipline that emphasis e’behaving youself’

Question 6

what is the definition of subculture?

Answer 6

A group whose attitudes and values differ from those of mainstream culture

Question 7

what are the four features of WC subculture according to sugarman?

Answer 7

fatalism,collectivism,immediate gratification, present time orientation

Question 8

give two examples of compensatory education programmes

Answer 8

• operation headstart USA

* sesame street

Question 9

what did Keddie argue about cultural deprivation?

Answer 9

myth and sees it as a victim blaming explanantion

Question 10

Explain what is meant by material deprivation?

Answer 10

refers to poverty and lack of maternal neccessities such as adequate income

Question 11

give three facts related to maternal deprivation?

Answer 11

• housing
• diet + heath
• faer of debt

Question 12

How does fear of debt link to achievement?

Answer 12

less WC students go uni due to fear of debt

Question 13

what are the three types of capital according to Bourdieu?

Answer 13

• economic
• cultural
• educational

Question 14

what did Becker find out about labelling?

Answer 14

Teachers judge pupils according to how closely they fitted the image of an ‘ideal pupil’

Question 15

what is a self fulfilling prophecy?

Answer 15

A prediction that comes true simply because its been made

Question 16

How are WC disadvantaged by streaming ?

Answer 16

They are not seen as the ideal pupil so they are put into lower streams

Question 17

what is meant by educational triage

Answer 17

how schools rate their pupils from hopeless cases, those likely to pass and those that will pass

Question 18

According to lacey, what are the two ways pupils respond to labelling

Answer 18

polarisation and differentiation

Question 19

what is meant by habitus ?

Answer 19

learned taken for granted ways of thinking and acting shared by a social class.

Question 20

what is nike identity

Answer 20

investing in brands to create a self worth

Question 21

how does WC habitus produce symbolic violence ?

Answer 21

saying someones culture is worthless

Question 22

How is class identity and self exclusion linked?

Answer 22

Working class girls were reluctant to apply to uni’s like Oxbridge and those that do apply felt a sense of not fitting in

Question 23

How is poverty linked to underachievement

Answer 23

• 1/3 of free school meal pupils achieve 5 A-C,GCSE
• those in poverty more likely to have a poor attendance
• more likely to be excluded
• 90% of failing schools in deprived areas

Question 24

How can housing affect achievement

Answer 24

• over crowding makes it harder to study
• disturbed sleep from sharing bedrooms
• lack of space for soft play + exploring
• disrupted to education with moving frequently ( temporally accommodation )

Question 25

How does diet/ health underachievement

Answer 25

• weaker immune systems due to the lack of nutrition
• fear of being stigmatised for receiving free school meals
• cold / damp environments cause ill health and infections

Question 26

How can financial support affect underachievement

Answer 26

• WC students who go to uni less likely to have financial support from families
• cost of transport , uniform , books , computers etc are a heavy burden
• can not afford private tutoring
• put up with hand me downs and may result in bullying

Question 27

How can debt (university) link yo underachievement

Answer 27

• attitudes towards debt may put off students going uni
• WC see more votes than benefits going to uni
• increase in tuition fees saw a drop in WC applications to uni

Question 28

Give two reason why internal and external factors are interrelated

Answer 28

• Working class pupils habitus and identities formed outside school may conflict with the school middle class habitus , resulting in symbolic violence and pupils feeling that education is not for the likes of them
• working class pupils using restricted code ( external ) may be labelled by teachers by teachers as less able , leading to a self fulfilling prophecy ( internal )

Question 29

What is it meant by cultural deprivation

Answer 29

According to cultural deprivation theorists many WC Families fail to socialise their children adequately

Question 30

What is cultural capital

Answer 30

Bourdieu uses the term to refer to the knowledge , attitudes , values , language , tastes and abilities of the middle class

Question 31

Becker ( internal )

Answer 31

Becker studied labelling based in interviews with 60 Chicago high school teachers
Found teachers judged pupils on how closely they fitted the ideal pupil.

Question 32

Lacey ( internal )

Answer 32

Used differentiation and polarisation to explain subcultures
Differentiation: process of categorisation
Polarisation: a process that results in the creation of two opposite extremes

Question 33

ball (internal )

Answer 33

believed that we should take away streaming and keep in mixed ability. When streaming was abolished subcultures was largely removed and subcultures declined

Question 34

Douglas (external )

Answer 34

Wc parents placed less value on education. As a result less ambitious for children gave less encouragement and less interest in education.

Question 35

bourdieu (external )

Answer 35

argues that both cultural and material factors contribute to educational achievement, are not separate. Also used capital (3 types) to explain why the middle class are more successful.

Question 36

Bernstein (external )

Answer 36

argues that there are two types of speech code: elaborated and restricted. language affects achievement

Question 37

jackson (internal)

Answer 37

notes that the introduction of exam league tables has improved opportunities for girls: high achieving girls are attracted to school. whereas low achieving boys are not. This creates a self fulfilling prophecy