JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS Flashcards
- Most common connective tissue disease of childhood
- Chronic inflammation to the joints leading to
pain, swelling, stiffness and joint damage
juvenile idiopathic arthritis / JIA
occurence of JIA
1-3 years or
8-12 years
JIA is previously known as
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis / JRA
pathological hallmark of JIA
: inflammation of the
synovium
- (Autoimmunity): Highly activated ___, ___, ____ are attracted to the joint
T cells
monocytes
neutrophils
Secrete mediators that not only
perpetuate inflammation, but also may ____.
attenuate immune regulation
clinical manifestation of JIA
- joint inflammation
- immobility
- changes in joint cartilage, ligaments, and menisci
– persistent intermittent fever, prominent systemic
involvement
Systemic (Still’s Disease)
– 4 or fewer joints affected (first 6 months of the disease); most common
Pauciarticular/Oligoarthritis
5 or more joints affected (first 6 months of the disease)
Polyarticular
- Affects 30% of all cases
- Involves 5 or more
joints - 3:1, female to male
ratio
polyarthritis
- Affects 60% of all cases
- 4 or fewer joints
affected - 5:1, female to male
ratio
oligoarthirtis
- Affects 10% of all cases
- Number of joints
involved varies - 1:1, female to male ratio
systemic
- 5% of cases is
associated with uveitis - Systemic disease is
generally mild; articular
involvement may be
unremitting - Prognosis: guarded to
moderately good
polyarthritis
- 5%-15% of cases are
associated with uveitis - Systemic diseases are
absent, major cause of
morbidity is uveitis - Prognosis: excellent
except for eyesight
oligoarthritis
- Prominent systemic
involvement - Systemic disease is
often self-limited;
arthritis is chronic and
destructive in 50% - Prognosis: moderate
to poor
systemic
Arthritis with psoriasis, or an associated dactylitis,
nail pitting, or onycholysis or psoriasis in a firstdegree relative.
Psoriatic Arthritis
( inflammation at the tendon insertion site) associated with at least 2 of the following: sacroiliac or lumbosacral pain, arthritis in male older than 6 years, acute anterior uveitis, IBD, Reiter syndrome or acute anterior uveitis in a first degree relative
Enthesitis-related Arthritis
true or false - in JIA, ESR or CRP may be decreased
false - they are elevated
CBC may show
lymphopenia
neutropenia
thrombocytopenia
anemia
in JIA there is presence of ___ and ___
ANA and rheumatoid factor
in JIA, the protein and albumin levels are ___, and fibrinogen levels are ___
decreased; increased
also known as joint aspiration, is a medical procedure where fluid is withdrawn from a joint using a needle
arthrocentesis
involves taking a sample of the tissue lining a joint (synovial membrane) for examination, primarily to help diagnose or rule out conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, infections (including tuberculosis and fungal infections), and gout
synovial biopsy
