HYPERTENSIVE DISORDER

Question 1

transient hypertension of pregnancy.
Development of HPN after 20 weeks of pregnancy in a previously
normotensive woman without proteinuria or other systemic findings

Answer 1

gestational hypertension

Question 2

Development of HPN and proteinuria in a previously
normotensive woman after 20 weeks of gestation or in the early
postpartum period. Also termed as PIH. Formally Toxemia.

Answer 2

preeclampsia

Question 3

Development of seizure or coma not attributed to other
causes in a preeclamptic woman.

Answer 3

eclampsia

Question 4

Hypertension in a pregnant woman present before pregnancy

Answer 4

chronic hypertension

Question 5

Chronic hypertension in association with preeclampsia

Answer 5

chronic HTN with superimposed preeclampsia

Question 6

chronic, gestational BP

Answer 6

140/90

Question 7

pre eclampsia and chronic with superimposed BP

Answer 7

140/90 or 160/110

Question 8

eclampsia BP

Answer 8

160/110

Question 9

when does gestational, chornic with superimposed, and eclampsia develop?

Answer 9

20 week AOG, 2 weeks post partum

Question 10

proteinuria occurs with?

Answer 10

pre-eclampsia, chronic with superimposed, and eclampsia

Question 11

peripheral edema occurs with?

Answer 11

pre-eclampsia and chronic with superimposed

Question 12

epigastric pain and hyperreflexia occurs with?

Answer 12

pre-eclampsia and eclampsia

Question 13

what are the prescribed med for mild preeclampsia?

Answer 13

none

Question 14

*If the pregnancy is greater than 37 weeks = ??

Answer 14

labor can be induced or CS delivery

Question 15

If the pregnancy is less than 37 wks = ??

Answer 15

initiate interventions to allow the fetus to come to term

Question 16

if symptoms persist or worsen and fetus is compromised = ??

Answer 16

delivery (NSD or CS) is necessary!

Question 17

• needs a diet moderate to a high in ___ and moderate in ___ to compensate for the protein
  she is losing in urine

Answer 17

protein; sodium

Question 18

medications to prevent eclampsia

Answer 18

hydralazine (apresoline), labetalol (normodyne)

Question 19

seizures that last for 20 secs, contraction

Answer 19

tonic

Question 20

seizures that last for 1 min, contract and relax

Answer 20

clonic

Question 21

intervention for tonic seizure

Answer 21

• maintain patent airway
• no tongue depressors
• O2
• side lying

Question 22

interventions for clonic seizures

Answer 22

• O2
• diazepam, magnesium sulfate

Question 23

• also known as semicomatose
• cannot be aroused unless painful for 1-4 hours

Answer 23

postictal

Question 24

intervention for postictal

Answer 24

• side lying
• NPO
• close monitoring, possible labor
• check for vaginal bleeding q15 mins

Question 25

hypotensive drugs given

Answer 25

hydralazine (apresoline), labetalol (normodyne)

Question 26

-Drug of choice * A cathartic, reduces edema by causing shift in fluid from the extracellular spaces into the intestine. *A central nervous system depressant action (it blocks peripheral neuromuscular transmissions) which lessens the possibility of seizures.

Answer 26

magnesium sulfate

Question 27

dose of mag sul

Answer 27

- loading dose 10 grams deep IM for 15-30 mins - IV drop 1 gram/hr (1gm/100 ml dextrose)

Question 28

magsul toxicity

Answer 28

- decreased UO - depressed respirations - reduced consciousness - decreased deep tendon reflexes

Question 29

long term effect of mag sul

Answer 29

osteoporosis

Question 30

antidote for magnesium sulfate

Answer 30

10 ml of 10% calcium gluconate