RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME Flashcards
RDS is most often seen in ___ infants
preterm
incidence and severity are related inversely to the ___ of the NB infant
gestational age
RDS is formerly known as
hyaline membrane disease
a ___ membrane
formed from an exudate of an
infant’s blood that begins to line the
terminal bronchioles, alveolar ducts, & alveoli
hyaline-like (fibrous)
cause of formation of membrane in the bronchioles, ducts, and alveoli is the low lever or absence of ___
surfactant
- a coating on the inside lining of the alveoli
- keeps the alveoli from collapsing & sticking together when air leaves
the lungs
surfactant
surfactant is Naturally made in the lungs between ___ weeks gestation
24 and 35
RDS has been estimated to
occur in ___ NB
infants each year & is a
complication in pregnancies
20-30,000
true or false - Approximate neonates born at 28-32 weeks’ gestation develop RDS
false - 26-28 weeks
Less than ___% of premature
neonates born at 30-31
weeks’ gestation develop the
condition.
30%
incidence rate of RDS in infant’s weight
501-1500 g
501-750 g
1001-1250 g
1251-1500 g
42%
71%
36%
22%
risk factors of RDS
- prematurity
- cs delivery
- maternal dm
- asphyxia
how does maternal DM cause RDS?
mother as hyperglycemia > glucose passes through placenta > hyperplasia of pancreatic beta cell of baby > increased insulin > HYPOGLYCEMIA AND DECREASED SURFACTANT PRODUCTION
within several hours after birth, an infant with RDS may exprerience
expiratory grunting
a partially closed glottis
signs of distress on an infant with RDS
- seesaw respirations
- heart failure
- pale gray skin
- apnea
- pneumothorax
- bradycardia
in a chest xray, what do you expect to find in an infant with RDS?
haziness/light lung appearance
a colorless gas with the chemical formula NO, and plays a crucial role in blood circulation, acting as a vasodilator to relax blood vessels and improve blood flow
nitric oxide
a life-support procedure that uses a machine outside the body to pump blood, provide oxygen, and remove carbon dioxide, allowing the heart and lungs to rest and potentially recover from severe conditions
extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
how to prevent RDS?
- sonogram
- checking that the lecithin in surfactant from AF exceeds sphingomyelin by 2:1 ratio
this delays preterm birth by suppressing uterine contractions, indirectly help reduce the risk of Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) in newborns by allowing time for fetal lung maturation
tocolytic agents (mag sul, terbutaline)
