HIV AIDS Flashcards
- The most serious of the STIs
- Caused by a retrovirus that infects & disables T Lymphocytes
- Infected person will develop opportunistic
infections or malignancies that are ultimately fatal
hiv infection
HIV is contracted thru:
- sexual intercourse
- exposure to infected blood
- vertical transmission
weight loss of at least 10% in the presence of diarrhea or chronic weakness & documented fever for at least 30 days that is not attributable to a concurrent condition other than HIV infection itself
wasting syndrome
an opportunistic infection of the esophagus by Candida albicans, occurs in patients in immunocompromised states, including post-chemotherapy & in AIDS
esophageal candidiasis
AIDS defining illnesses
- wasting syndrome
- esophageal candidiasis
- herpes simplex virus disease
HIV infection may develop in infants whose mothers are ___
seropositive
Ff. birth, infants often have ___ antibody titer
positive
Because HIV-positive women are at higher risk in
developing ___ and ____
infections, the hx should include questions about
cat ownership, ingestion of raw meat, & recent
mild, flulike symptoms
toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus
stages of HIV infection:
may develop flu-like symptoms
seroconversion - 6 wks to 1 yrs after exposure
acute stage
stages of HIV infection:
except for weight loss & fatigue, length of this
period varies but averages 3-11 years
asymptomatic stage
stages of HIV infection:
develops opportunistic infections and possibly malignancies, high viral load, CD4 count less than 200
cells/mm3
symptomatic stage / AIDS
initial screening for HIV
ELISA - enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
confirmatory test for HIV
western blot test analysis
planning:
CD4 counts will remain above ___/mm3, viral load
less than ___copies/ml
500; 5000
- Premarital & prepregnancy screening
for HIV antibodies for women at high
risk for HIV/AIDS - Counseling about the test & its
implications for her, her partner &
her child if she becomes pregnant - Monitoring the asymptomatic
pregnant woman who is HIV positive - Education about optimal nutrition &
maintenance of wellness
community based nursing care
- Combined drug approach
- Adherence to universal
precautions when dealing
with patients
hospital based nursing care
- Ensuring that woman receives
complete, accurate information about
her condition & ways of coping - Referral to a comprehensive program
that includes social services,
psychologic support & appropriate
health care
teaching for self care
true or false: a mother can breastfeed when infected with HIV
false
to reduce vertical transmission of
the virus to infant
zidovudine
protease inhibitors - involved in HIV replication
ritonavir, indinavir
nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors - an enzyme present in a retrovirus
abacavir, azidothymidine
if PCP develops, a woman is treated with
trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)
____ may lead to
increased bilirubin levels in the newborn if
administered late in pregnancy
Sulfamethoxazole (Gantanol)
___ the drug of choice for
PCP in nonpregnant women, is yet another option.
Pentamidine (Pentam)
___, a rare
malignancy that tends to
occur with AIDS, is normally
treated with chemotherapy
kaposi’s sarcoma
___ (lowered
platelet count) may be
present as part of the
disease pathology or as a
response to zidovudine
therapy
thrombocytopenia
A ___ close
to birth may be needed to
restore coagulation ability
platelet transfusion
