Joints Flashcards
What are [the four things] joints composed of?
- Joint capsule 2. Articular cartilage 3. Synovial Membrane and Fluid 4. Fibrous capsule
The fibrous capsule of a joint is strengthened by what type of tissue?
Ligaments
The fibrous capsule is made up of four types of ligaments. Name them.
- Intrinsic 2. Extrinsic 3. Intra-articular 3. Extra-articular
Where can you locate the intrinsic ligaments?
Between the carpal bones
Where can you locate the extrinsic ligaments?
Between the carpals and metacarpals
Where can you locate the intra-articular ligaments?
Inside the joint capsule
Where can you locate the extra-articular ligaments?
Outside the joint capsule
What are the three types of cartilage?
- hyaline 2. Elastic 3. Fibrocartilage
Where can you find hyaline cartilage?
Lining articular surfaces, nasal septum, tracheal rings, costal cartilages, epiphyseal
Where can you fine elastic cartilage?
Ear and epiglottis
Where can you find fibrocartilage?
Intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, menisca, and where tendons/ligaments join to bone
What does the Hilton’s law of nerve supply regarding joints suggest?
Nerves that supply a join also supply the muscles moving the joint and skin covering the attachments.
What are the three classifications of joints?
Synovial (diathroses), Fibrous (syndesmosis/synarthrosis), and Cartilaginous (Synchondroses/amphiarthrosis)
What are the six types of synovial joints?
- Ball and Socket 2. Hinge 3. Plane 4. Condyloid 5. Saddle 6. Pivot
What type of movement does a plane joint allow?
Gliding, Sliding
Give an example of a plane joint.
ACC joint
What type of joint allows Flexion/Ext only?
Hinge
Give an example of a Hinge joint.
Elbow, Knee, Phalanges
What type of movement does a saddle joint permit?
Flex/Ext, ABD/ADD and circumduction
Give an example of a saddle joint.
CMC Joint of Thumb
Saddle joints permit movement in more than one plane, meaning it is what?
Biaxial
Movement that occurs in only one plane is what?
Uniaxial
Movement that can occur in multiple axes is what?
Multiaxial
What type of joint allows F/EXT, ABD/ADD, and IR/ER?
Ball and Socket
Give an example of a ball and socket joint.
Hip, Shoulder
What type of joint permits Flexion/Ext and ABD/ADD but not across the two planes?
Condyloid
Give an example of a condyloid joint.
Knuckles, wrist
What type of movement does a pivot joint allow?
Rotation around a central axis
Give an example of a pivot joint.
C1 vertebra
Name a type of a fibrous joint.
Sutures of cranium, radioulnar, and tibiofibular
Name a type of cartilaginous joint.
Vertebrae, pubic symphysis
Joints receive blood from articular arteries risen from BVs from networks called what?
Peri-articular arterial anatomoses
Name a few variations that can occur with joints.
fontanelles, degenerative joint disease, arthritis
