Introduction to General Physiology Flashcards
study of structures of the body (structures and shape)
anatomy
study of the functions of the body
physiology
enumerate the structural and functional organization
atoms
molecules
macromolecules
organelles
cells
tissues
organs
organ systems
organism
characteristic that define life (6)
organization
metabolism
responsiveness
growth
development
reproduction
simplest unit of living matter that can maintain life and reproduce themselves
cells
somewhat more complex units than cells, organization of a great many similar cells with varying amounts and kinds of nonliving, intercellular substance between them
tissues
are the most diverse type of tissues
epithelial
more complex units than tissues, organization of several different kinds of tissues so arranged together that they can perform a special function
organs
must have the four major type of tissues
organ
four major type of tissues
epithelial
connective
muscle
nervous
muscle and connective tissues form its wall, epithelial and connective tissues form its lining, and nervous tissue extends throughout both its wall and lining
stomach
most complex of the component units of the human body
systems
Organization of varying numbers and kinds of organs so arranged that together they can perform complex functions for the body
organ system
phrase coined by aristotle
“The whole is greater than the sum of its parts
maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment despite continuous outside changes
homeostasis
Dynamic state of equilibrium
homeostasis
Control mechanisms (involve monitoring and regulation of many factors i.e. variables
homeostasis
Nervous and endocrine systems accomplish the communication via nerve impulses and hormones
homeostasis
Standard anatomical body position
body erect
feet slight apart
palm facing forward
Two major divisions of the body
axial
appendicular
what division of the body comprise of head, neck, and trunk)
axial
what part of the body contain the limbs and girdles
appendicular
towards the head
cranial/superior
– away from the head, towards the tail
caudal/inferior