Introduction to Bacteria Flashcards
What are the different parts of a bacterium?
- Capsule
- Cell wall
- Flagellum
- Fimbriae
- Cytoplasmic/inner/plasma membrane
- Cytoplasm with ribosomes
- Single chromosome
Describe the cell wall of gram positive bacteria.
Inside out:
- Plasma membrane
- Periplasmic space
- Thick peptidoglycan
Describe the cell wall of gram negative bacteria.
Inside out:
- Plasma membrane
- Periplasmic space
- Thin peptidoglycan
- Periplasmic space
- Outer membrane (lipopolysaccharide and protein)
What colour do gram positive bacteria stain?
Purple
What colour do gram negative bacteria stain?
Red
What shape are cocci?
Spherical
What shape are bacilli?
Rod shaped
What does the capsule do?
Can protect the bacteria from being engulfed
What is the function of flagellum?
Motility
What are the 4 types of flagellum?
- A: Monotrichous: 1
- B: Lophotrichous: 1 point
- C: Amphitichous: both sides
- D: Peritrichous: all over
What is the function of fimbriae?
Adherence
What do spores enhance?
Survivability
What are plasmids
Small circular DNA molecule
What is the name of the mechanism which transfers plasmids?
The rolling circle mechanism
How do bacteria replicate?
Through binary fission which ensures identical progeny
