Antimicrobial Chemo Flashcards
What are examples of Beta-Lactam antibiotics?
Penicillins and cephalosporins
How do beta-lactams effect bacteria?
inhibit cell wall synthesis
Examples of Glycopeptides?
vancomycin
teicoplanin
What type of bacteria are Glycopeptides active on? and how?
Gram positive
inhibit cell wall synthesis
What are examples of aminoglycosides?
gentamicin
What do aminoglycosides effect?
inhibit protein synthesis
what do Glycopeptides effect?
cell wall synthesis
what are macrolides?
antibiotics that work on protein synthesis
examples of macrolides?
erythromycin
clarithromycin
what do fluoroquinolones inhibit?
DNA synthesis
Examples of fluoroquinolones?
ciprofloxacin
When can gentamicin be used?
gram negative infections
what could be used instead of penicillin in gram positive infections?
erythromycin
clarithromycin
what can ciprofloxacin be used for?
gram negative organisms
what infection can the use of cephalosporins (broad agent beta lactam) induce?
C.Diff infection
when can daptomycin be used?
gram positives
particularly MRSA
when can linezolid be used?
orally against MRSA
how is vancomycin given?
toxic
given IV
allows careful control
should be infused slowly over a few hours
can children use ciprofloxacin?
no
how can you treat a beta-lactamase producing staph. A infection?
flucloxacillin
what can be used against a C.Diff infection?
vancomycin
metronidazole
fidaxomicin
how should gentamicin be given?
carefully controlled IV
monitor serum levels
what is used in HIV therapy?
saquinavir
what is used only in the treatment of a UTI?
nitrofurantoin
a serious gram negative infection would require?
gentamicin
a systemic fungal infection would require?
amphotericin B
what should be used to treat an unknown gram negative bacteria?
gentamicin
what is used topically or in oral suspension for serious fungal infections?
nystatin
