Intro to Microbial World

Question 1

Alexader Fleming

Answer 1

Accidently founded penicillin

Question 2

MRSA

Answer 2

methicillin-resistant S.aureus

Question 3

VRSA

Answer 3

Vancomycin-resistant S.aureus

Question 4

Paul Ehrlich

Answer 4

Developed first synthetic drug (salvarsan)
*treated syphilis

Question 5

Chemotherapy

Answer 5

Treatment of Disease with chemical

Question 6

Antibiotics

Answer 6

natural chemicals produced by bacteria and Fungi

Question 7

Synthetic Drug

Answer 7

Prepared in a lab

Question 8

Edward Jenner

Answer 8

smallpox vaccine

Question 9

Robert Koch

Answer 9

First to prove bacterium causes disease

Question 10

Robert Kochs Postulate

Answer 10

1. Must be present
2. Isolate in pure form
3. Inject in healthy host
4. Reisolate germ

Question 11

Joseph Lister

Answer 11

Phenol to prevent surgical wound infections

Question 12

Florence Nightingale

Answer 12

Nursing antiseptic techniques

Question 13

Ignaz Semmelweis

Answer 13

hand washing between deliveries

Question 14

Germ Theory

Answer 14

Microbes can cause disease

Question 15

Pasteur

Answer 15

Created pasteurization

Just bacteria: juice –> lactic acid
Just yeast: alcohol
Both–>Alcohol + Lactic Acid

Question 16

Spontaneous Generation

Answer 16

Living organisms arise from nonliving matter

Question 17

Biogenesis

Answer 17

All living things arise only from living things

Question 18

Louis Pasteur

Answer 18

Against spontaneous generation
Proved theory of biogenesis

Question 19

Lazzaro Spallanzani

Answer 19

Against Spontaneous generation

Boiled broth for 1 hour, glass neck melted to seal flask

Question 20

John Needham

Answer 20

For spontaneous generation

Nutrient broth boiled briefly, placed in cork-seak flask

Question 21

Francesco Redi

Answer 21

Against spontaneous generation

Tested on maggots on decaying maggots

“Life only comes from other life”

Question 22

Auto Van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 22

First to discover bacteria world

Observed simple organisms through simple microscope

Question 23

Scientific Names

Answer 23

First letter of genus capitalized, then species. Italicized
Ex. Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus)

Question 24

Carlos Linnaeus

Answer 24

Established system of scientific nomenclature

Question 25

7 Taxa

Answer 25

1. Kingdom
2. Phylum
3. Class
4. Order
5. Family
6. Genus
7. Species

Question 26

3 Domains of Life

Answer 26

Bacteria
-Cells walls contains peptidoglycan
Archaea
-Cell walls, if present, lack peptidoglycan
Eukarya
-Protists, Fungi, Plants, Animals

Question 27

Taxonomy

Answer 27

classifying into categories based on relatedness

Question 28

Bacteria

Answer 28

-Unicellular
-Prokaryotes
-Peptidoglycan composed in cell wall

Question 29

Archaea

Answer 29

-Prokaryotic but no peptidoglycan
-Live in extreme enviroments
-Methogens (produce methane waste)
-Extreme Halophile (halo=salt;phillic=loving)
-Extreme Thermophiles (therm=heat)

Question 30

Fungi

Answer 30

-Eukaryotes (have nucleus)
-Unicellular=yeast
-multicellular=molds

Question 31

Groups of Microbes

Answer 31

-Bacteria
-Archaea
-Fungi
-Protozoa
-Algae
-Viruses

Question 32

Viruses

Answer 32

Acellular (non-living)
-Genome (DNA or RNA)
-Capsid
-Obligatory intracellular parasites
-Be inside a cell in order to reproduce

Question 33

Protozoa

Answer 33

Unicellular Eukaryotes
-Caragorized by motility (how they move)
-Pseudopods
-Cilia
-Flagella
-non-motile

Question 34

How are microbes beneficial to life?

Answer 34

-Recycle vital elements
-Food + manufacturing industry
-Bioremediation
-Sewage treatment
-Insect pest control

Question 35

Algae

Answer 35

-Photosynthetic eukaryotes
-Produce o2