Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body pt.1

Question 1

Drugs

Answer 1

affect physiology at ant manner
ex: antibiotics, cafine, alcohol

Question 2

Chemotherapeutic drugs

Answer 2

act against disease
ex: antibiotics insulin

Question 3

Antimicrobial drugs

Answer 3

treats infections
ex: antibiotics

Question 4

Principle of selective toxicity and why certain antimicrobial drugs are easier to develop than others

Answer 4

more differences = more targets

more toxic to the pathogen then host

Question 5

Major mechanisms of action of antimicrobial drugs

Answer 5

Inhibition of attachment/entry

Inhibition of cell walls synthesis

Inhibition of protein synthesis

Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis

Inhibition of metabolic pathway

Disruption cytoplasmic membranes

Question 6

Inhibition of attachment/entry

Answer 6

attachment inhibitors: T2O

Fusion inhibitors: RAFI’s

Question 7

Inhibition of cell walls synthesis

Answer 7

Penicillins
Cephalosporins

Question 8

Inhibition of protein synthesis

Answer 8

Streptomycin- binds 30s
Tetracycline- blocks tRNA
Erythromycin- binds 50’s

Question 9

Inhibition of metabolic pathway

Answer 9

Sulfonamide

Question 10

Disruption cytoplasmic membranes

Answer 10

Azoles

Question 11

Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis

Answer 11

Drugs to treat viral infection
Base analogs-looks like bases but arent
- Ribavirin
- Acyclovir

Question 12

Narrow Spectrum

Answer 12

target few pathogens

pro:very effective
cons:fewer application

Question 13

Broad spectrum

Answer 13

targets many pathogens

pro:more appliacation
cons:opportunistic –>secondary infections

Question 14

Microbial antagonism

Answer 14

competition between resident
microbial and potential pathogens
for space and nutrients