Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology pt.2

Question 1

Infection

Answer 1

invasion of host by pathogen

Question 2

Disease

Answer 2

develops in invading pathogen alters normal body function

Question 3

Pathogenicity

Answer 3

ability of microbe to cause disease

Question 4

Virulence

Answer 4

Degree of damage pathogen causes
mild–>severe

Question 5

Attachment Factors

Answer 5

Adhesion-cell surface components/appendages that facilitate attachment (pili, fimbriae)

Question 6

Invasion Factors

Answer 6

Allow for invasion deeper into tissues.
Secretion systems.
Syringes that secrete proteins that proteins that kill/help bacteria enter cells.
Destructive enzymes. Destroy connective tissue

Question 7

Immune Evasion Factors

Answer 7

Capsules- firmly attached glycoclayces. Hide surface proteins that kill/help bacteria enter cells. Invisibility cloaks. Flagella=propellers

Question 8

Toxins

Answer 8

Chemicals harm tissues/trigger damaging immune response.

Question 9

Exotoxins

Answer 9

gram positive bacteria, secreted, specific targets and effect

Question 10

Endotoxins

Answer 10

gram negative bacteria:LPS, released when bacteria destroyed, general affects- fever, diarrhea, shock

Question 11

Symptoms

Answer 11

felt by patient
EX:pain, fatigue

Question 12

Signs

Answer 12

observed/measured by others
EX: fever, rash

Question 13

Syndrome

Answer 13

Characteristics signs and symptoms of specific illness

Question 14

Five major stages of infectious diseases

Answer 14

Incubation Period
Prodromal Period
Illness
Decline
Covalescene

Question 15

Incubation

Answer 15

Stage 1: no signs or symptoms

Question 16

Prodromal Period

Answer 16

Stage 2: Vague, general symptoms

Question 17

Illness

Answer 17

Stage3: most severe signs and symptoms

Question 18

Decline

Answer 18

declining signs and symptoms

Question 19

Covalescene

Answer 19

Stage 5: no signs or symptoms

Question 20

Commons portals of exit

Answer 20

Many the same as the portals of entry

Secretions
Excretion
Bodily fluids

Question 21

Secretion portal of exit

Answer 21

saliva, sputum, respiratory droplets

Question 22

Excretion portal of exit

Answer 22

urine/feces

Question 23

Bodily fluids portal of exit

Answer 23

blood, CFS, vaginal secretions, Semen