Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology pt.2 Flashcards
Infection
invasion of host by pathogen
Disease
develops in invading pathogen alters normal body function
Pathogenicity
ability of microbe to cause disease
Virulence
Degree of damage pathogen causes
mild–>severe
Attachment Factors
Adhesion-cell surface components/appendages that facilitate attachment (pili, fimbriae)
Invasion Factors
Allow for invasion deeper into tissues.
Secretion systems.
Syringes that secrete proteins that proteins that kill/help bacteria enter cells.
Destructive enzymes. Destroy connective tissue
Immune Evasion Factors
Capsules- firmly attached glycoclayces. Hide surface proteins that kill/help bacteria enter cells. Invisibility cloaks. Flagella=propellers
Toxins
Chemicals harm tissues/trigger damaging immune response.
Exotoxins
gram positive bacteria, secreted, specific targets and effect
Endotoxins
gram negative bacteria:LPS, released when bacteria destroyed, general affects- fever, diarrhea, shock
Symptoms
felt by patient
EX:pain, fatigue
Signs
observed/measured by others
EX: fever, rash
Syndrome
Characteristics signs and symptoms of specific illness
Five major stages of infectious diseases
Incubation Period
Prodromal Period
Illness
Decline
Covalescene
Incubation
Stage 1: no signs or symptoms
Prodromal Period
Stage 2: Vague, general symptoms
Illness
Stage3: most severe signs and symptoms
Decline
declining signs and symptoms
Covalescene
Stage 5: no signs or symptoms
Commons portals of exit
Many the same as the portals of entry
Secretions
Excretion
Bodily fluids
Secretion portal of exit
saliva, sputum, respiratory droplets
Excretion portal of exit
urine/feces
Bodily fluids portal of exit
blood, CFS, vaginal secretions, Semen
