Intro to Dogs Flashcards
Estimate of how long dogs were domesticated
10-12,000 years, maybe longer
What kind of animals are dogs? What is it important in?
pack animal, important in training
Dogs are similar to what animal?
wolves
Dogs aren’t as strict ____ as cats
carnivore
Most dog breeds develop in the last ___ years
affects or associated with what?
- developed in the last 150-200 years
//: knowledge of genetic, changes in human culture
Intact make dog
Stud
Intact male dog
Stud
Whelping
to give birth to puppy (Parturition)
To give birth to puppy
Whelping, parturition
Spaying
altering a female
Cropping
- surgically remove dog’s ears
- done to puppies 8-12weeks after birth
- ut its ears stand up rather than flop
- common in doberman pinschers, boxers, and Great Danes
Docking
- surgically remove part of dog’s tail
- done to puppies few days after birth
- common in cocker spaniels, Rottweilers, schnauzers
Sight
- dichromatic
- better in low-light and motion detection
- breed variation
- poorer acuity
- maybe equivalent to 20:50 or 20:100
Hearing
- can hear higher-pitched sounds
- may hear lower volume sounds
- mobile ears: locate source of sounds
Smell
– 200+ million receptors
– Compare to about 5 million for humans
– Larger area of sensing tissue
– Brain devoted to smell is larger (40x)
Taste
– humans have 9000 taste buds
– dogs 1706
– cats 473
* Related to sense of smell, however
Considerations with owning a dog
- time: exercise, grooming, training
- costs: startup, normal maintenance, health care
- does ur housing allow it?
- vacation
- future plans (kids, location)
- allergies
Basic Care
- housing
- ID/License
- spay/neuter (more in health)
- grooming
- eventual disposal
Choosing Dog Type
- looks, size
- what you want it to do (trainable for those tasks?)
- fit your personality?
- apartment allow it?
Pure Breed vs Mixed Breed: Overall predictability
Set by breeding: linebreeding/linebreeding, homozygosity
- appearance when mature
- adult size
- behavior/temperament
AKC Dog Grouping
- Group I Sporting
- ex. Labrador Retriever
- Group II Hounds
- ex. Greyhound
- Group III Working Breeds
- ex. Samoyed
- Group IV Terrier
- ex. Scottish Terrier
- Group V Toy Breeds
- ex. Yorkshire Terrier
- Group VI Non-Sporting Breeds - ex. Dalmatian
- Group VII Herding
- ex. Shetland Sheepdog
AKC Dog Group I
Sporting
ex) Labrador retriever
AKC Dog Group II
Hounds
ex) Greyhound
AKC Dog Group III
Working Breeds
ex) Samoyed
AKC Dog Group IV
Terrier
ex) Scottish Terrier
AKC Dog Group V
Toy Breeds
ex) Yorkshire terrier
AKC Dog Group VI
Non-Sporting Breeds
ex) Dalmatian
AKC Dog Group VII
Herding
ex) Shetland Sheepdog
Sporting dogs
- includes: pointers, retrievers, setters and spaniels
- Many participate in HUNT/field activities, esp. for BIRDS
- Require regular, invigorating exercise
Hound dogs
- very diverse group
- used for hunting
- some use SCENT to find prey, others use sight
Working dogs
- Bred to perform JOBS: guarding property, pulling sleds, water rescue, guarding livestock
- Intelligent, capable, and FAST LEARNERS
- Considerable SIZE and strength
- Some may be unsuitable for average families
– Size
– Strength
– Intelligence
– Energy level
Terrier dogs
- Energetic, and feisty character
- Bred to hunt and kill PESTS
- Require owners with determination
– Training is challenging
– Not a soft mouth
Toy dogs
- Bred to be pets, companions
- Have longer life-spans
- Great for apartments or small spaces
– Easier to control, cost less, eat less food
Non-Sporting
- vary in size and disposition
- most DEVELOPED for a SPECIFIC PURPOSE
Herding dogs
- control other animals’ movement
- very intelligent and respond well to training
- need lots of exercise, something to herd
“Designer Dogs”
- PLANNED crossbreeding (HYBRIDS)
- labradoodles, goldendoodles…
- bullnose
- pointer
- papichon
- Etc., ad anuseum
Top 10 most popular breeds
1 French bulldog
2 Labrador retriever
3 Golden retriever
4 German shepherd dog
5 Poodle
6 Dachshund
7 Bulldog
8 Beagle
9 Rottweiler
10 Pointer (German Shorthaired)
AKC Stats
TOP SPOT
* AKC registers nearly one million dogs per year
* AKC registration statistics are compiled in January of
each year and represent registrations from Jan. 1-
December 31 of the previous year
* AKC registration statistics were compiled approximately
every five years from 1915-1940, however, the Boston
Terrier Club of America’s records show that between
1905 and 1935 the Boston Terrier held the number one
or two position consistently
* In 1925, the German Shepherd Dog displaced the
Boston Terrier, seizing the number one spot
