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Animal Science > Canine Nutrition > Flashcards

Canine Nutrition Flashcards

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1
Q

At least ___% of at suggested for adult dogs

A

9-15%

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2
Q

Fat and ___ affects ____-ability (for dogs)

A

palatability

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3
Q

Deficiency symptoms

A
  • poor hair
  • skin issues
  • poor immune response
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4
Q

No requirement of this macronutrient, but dogs can eat a lot of it

A

carbohydrates

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5
Q

T/F: many dogs are lactose intolerant

A

T

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6
Q

Which macronutrient is inexpensive, available, and a digestible energy source ?

A

Carbs

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7
Q

___% of protein is recommended for dogs

A

18-26%

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8
Q

___ should not be used as prime energy source

A

proteins

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9
Q

Why shouldn’t protein be used as prime energy source?

A

protein can lead to excess nitrogen: can be a problem in dogs (but other animals struggle with this more)

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10
Q

Protein quality the same or varies?

A

varies

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11
Q

will younger or older animals need more levels of protein?

A

younger animals

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12
Q

____ is generally added in many dog foods in case a dog needs it

A

taurine

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13
Q

_____ interfere with mineral balance

A

excess meat

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14
Q

Why would excess meat interfere with mineral balance?

A
  1. A diet that’s primarily meat
    -> high phosphorus levels + low Ca2+ levels = poor bone health
  • because Ca2+ is being pulled out of their bones
  1. Fiber deficiencies
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15
Q

“_____-free” ≠ “meat” diet

A

Grain free

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16
Q

___%: adult is water
___%: young is water

A

70%: adult is water
75%: young is water

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17
Q

How common is food allergies?

A

Not uncommon

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18
Q

How does allergies for dogs start to appear?

A
  • keep feeding he same foods
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19
Q

Impact of food allergies: constant search for what?

A

for new ingredients as allergies form to commonly used ingredients

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20
Q

Avidin: found in where?

A

raw egg whites

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21
Q

How common of a problem is avidin?

A

not common

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22
Q

Avidin: ____ (B-vitamin) deficiency leads to skin rashes/fur loss

A

Biotin

23
Q

Non-nutritional factors

A

❏ Feces vo lu m e
❏ Feces consist e n cy
❏ Fecal odor
❏ Flatulence (Gas)
❏ Appeal o f fe e d to owner (color, order, texture)
❏ Appeal of feed to animal (smell)

24
Q

By-product meals include what?

A
  • animal by-products that humans don’t eat (skin, organs, chicken heads, …)
25
Q

Marketing factor of by-product meals: ingredients that sound like what?

A

sound like what we would like them

26
Q

Marketing factor of by-product meals: exemplifies what?

A

Anthropomorphism

27
Q

Are by-product meals for dogs as nutritious and digestible in comparison?

A

Yes!

28
Q

Dry food for dogs

A
  • 10-12% moisture
  • good for teeth
  • often contains: grains, soybean meal, animal product, milk products, fats/oils, vitamins and minerals
29
Q

Wet foods for dogs

A
  • 74-78% moisture
  • may include more meat products
  • specialty diets based on age or condition
30
Q

What MUST be labeled for dog foods?

A
  • brand name, product name
  • ingredients: most to least
  • designator (treat, snack, complete diet, …)
  • net weight
31
Q

What is optional when it comes to food labeling regulations?

A

pictures

32
Q

What type of food are NOT required to have nutritional adequacy labels?

A

“Snacks”

33
Q

if specific ingredient is THE PRODUCT name, it must contain ____

A

95% of that ingredient

Ex: “Cooked Beef” or “Beef”

34
Q

If specific ingredient is IN PRODUCT’S NAME, it must contain what?

A

at least 25% of that ingredient.

Ex: “Chicken Dinner”

35
Q

If product name says “WITH ____”, it must contain what?

A

3% of that ingredient

  • Ex: “Gravy WITH BEEF”
36
Q

How much to feed: Most are just suggestions/starting point best to feed based on what?

A

body condition score

37
Q

How much to feed: Research shows cutting diet to ___% can lead to longer lifespans (up to 2 years) cuz they’re cutting diet by 25% -> keeping them thinner

A

75%

38
Q

What type of dogs may need more feed?

A

working dogs

39
Q

What type of dogs may need less feed?

A

lazy dogs

40
Q

_____ spend up to 60% of their awake time hunting for feed

A

Wild canids

41
Q

Benefits of food toys for dogs

A
  • slow consumption
  • prevents boredom
  • stimulates interest
  • cleans teeth
  • may decrease destructive behaviors, obesity, separation anxiety, …
42
Q

Dominance Hierarchy of dogs

A
  • may exist around the food dish
  • give each dog with own dish apart from each other
43
Q

Feed adult dogs how many times a day?

A

2 times

44
Q

Feed puppies how much food and how many times a day?

A

smaller meals 3 times

45
Q

Commercial diets are formulated to be fed as the ___

A

SOLE ration

46
Q

Is it hard to create a balanced diet with home mixed diets?

A

yes

47
Q

Are table scraps/leftovers balanced nutritionally?

A

No

  • if done often -> obesity
48
Q

how often can treats be given?

A

Can be given daily, but in moderation

49
Q

The BARF Diet

A

Biologically Active Raw Food Diet

  • Currently promoted by some with argument: more natural, some enzymes are destroyed in cooking + dogs generally produce their own digestive enzymes
  • Care: disease-causing organisms are in raw food
50
Q

Is raw food commercially available?

A
  • some are
  • bacterial contamination is still a concern
51
Q

Toxic Foods for dogs

A

CHOCOLATE
- Darker // more toxic

SUGAR FREE GUM
- Xylitol: artificial sweetener (very toxic)

RAISINS/GRAPES
- kidney failure

ONIONS, GARLIC…
- can damage red blood cells, cause anemia
XXX

52
Q

Research interest in terms of dog’s nutrition and is a HUGE market opportunity?

A

supplements

53
Q

Research on what in terms of dogs’ health?

A
  • immune function, trainability, coat quality…
  • big emphasis on join health as well
54
Q
A

Animal Science (28 decks)

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