Canine Health Flashcards
Two major areas of canine health
Prevention
Treating diseases
Prevention
Biosecurity
Sanitation
Nutrition
Parasite prevention
Dental Care
Vaccination
Biosecurity
similar to other animals
already covered
Sanitation
Equipment
- bowls, brushes, …
- easily cleaned
Kennels
- wire or concrete floors, is poss
- easily cleaned
- outdoor yards (exercise areas) can be a concern
Disinfectants
- organic matter can be a problem
Fomite - inanimate item that can transmit disease
Vector - living organism that transmit disease
Canine nutrition:
- what is important?
- thoughts on most commercial diets?
- what’s a big problem?
- important: good quality feed
- most commercial diets are ACCEPTABLE
- big problem: OBESITY (precursor to many ailments, resist urge to overfeed)
Pups Nutrition: have what and don’t have what?
– should have colostrum (in first 24-48 hours) -> contains maternal antibodies
* Passive immunity
* Titers will be important for vaccination strategy
– Don’t give calcium supplements (esp. to large
breed pups)
Dental Care
- Good to brush dog’s teeth
- Some dental toys available, too
Vaccination is ____ immunity
active
(NB: passive ex is
collosum)
Which type of immunity last longer in an animal?
Active
Vaccination (only for pups)
- DHLP-P, rabies multiple times
- often vaccinate pups multiple times (ex: 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 weeks)
DHLP stands for what?
- Distemper, hepatitis, leptospirosis, parainfluenza, parvovirus
Why vaccinate pups so often?
- Collusium will decrease
- OPTIMAL TIME OF VACCINES VARY FROM PUPS
TH: Can maternal antibodies some problems?
Yes; top row of titter chart interfere with vaccination
Draw the Pup titer versus age graph
From weeks 4-16+ :
Up to 1:32 -> unsafe
Up to 1:64 -> safe, effective vaccines
Up to min and max: safe but ineffective vaccines (so protected that vaccines don’t work)
Best to vaccinate when acc to Dr. Kean?
Weeks 8, 12, 16.
Week 8 has best strength booster
Puppy shots
- ≠ vaccinations
- not overly common
- may be given to: pups with special risk (may not gotten colossum) or highly stressed pups
- contains immunoglobulins (antiserum)
- NOT active immunity
Puppy shots given to who?
- pups with special risk
- pups with high stress
Viral diseases: Distemper
- annual booster vaccinations (doesn’t have to be every year)
Viral: hepatitus
- affects liver
affects young and old dogs - need vaccination
Viral: parvovirus
- symptoms: fever, bloody diarrhea, dehydration
- highly contagious
Viral: coronavirus
- similar to paravirus
- less damaging to intestine
Viral: rabies
- transmitted by saliva
- zoonosis
- more in another lecture
Viral: para-influenza
- part of kennel cough
- often combined with bacteria
- symptoms: dry coughs, bouts of cough often with gags, excercise or excitement can bring on coughing
- Vaccination: may be intranasal, produces better local immunity
Why is Para-influenza called “kennel” cough ?
- greater exposure in group kennels
- greater stress in group kennels
Vaccination for Para-Influenza
- may be intranasal
- produces better local immunity
bacteria: bordetella bronchisephtica
- “the other half” of kennel cough
- often included the vaccination
Bacterial: leptospirosis
- acute infection
- spread through contacts (esp. urine)
- can affect humans
- symptoms show after 1-2 days
- vaccines annual if dog is at risk
Fungus
ringworm
parasite a disease for dogs?
yes
cancer
- family common problem
- estimated in 1/4 dogs dec from cancer
- can be very expensive to treat
10 most common signs of cancer in dogs
– Abnormal swellings that persist or continue to grow
– Sores that do not heal
– Weight loss
– Loss of appetite
– Bleeding or discharge from any body opening
– Offensive odor
– Difficulty eating or swallowing
– Hesitation to exercise or loss of stamina
– Persistent lameness or stiffness
– Difficulty breathing, urinating, or defecating
Dentistry
- preventive care at home
- more “exotic work”
