Bird Intro Flashcards
Cursorial birds
- Also known as (___)
- Several orders:
- (Ratites)
- Ostrich, emu/cassowary, rhea
Cursorial birds
- Traits of flight?
- Young are ___
- Characterized by lack of ____
- flightless
- precocial
- keelbone
Def. precocial
Born or hatched in a condition requiring relatively little parental care
Psittaciformes, aka ____
“psittacines”
Examples of Psittaciformes
- Africa Grey, Macaw, Budgerigars, Cockatiel, Cockatoo, Lovebirds
Traits of Psittaciformes
- Brilliant colors
- can “talk”
- young are altricial
Def. altricial
born in an immature state and unable to care for themselves
Passeriformes’ traits
- perching, song-birds
- huge number of types of these
- not lots of pets :(
- highly developed synrinx
- young are altricial
Passeriformes examples
- Cananaries, zebra finches, gouldian finch
Columbiformes examples
- pigeons, doves
Columbiformes common-ness?
Are common world-wide
Columbiformes: young are ___
young are altricial
Anseriformes examples
Waterfowl (swimmers)
Anseriformes traits, young are ____
- many have thick down for insulation
- young are precocial
Galliformes traits
- “chicken-like”
- the most domesticated birds are included
- beautiful plumage
Galliformes examples
- pheasants, guineas, peafowl, chickens
Galliformes usage?
many used for sport
galliormes young are ____
precocial
outer coverings
skin, scales (and feathers)
Avian scales
on birds’ feet (Chung ga)
temperature control o birds
homeothermic
heart complexity of birds
4-chambered
Bird metamorphosis?
no
birth process of birds
oviparous
breathing of birds
lungs, air sacs
birds similar to reptiles by:
jaw hinged on a moveable bone
- tho lower in most birds like parrots
birds differ from reptiles:
- feathers, homeothermic, flexible neck
bird bones
- small, hollow, thin -> pneumatic bones
- fused vertebrae
muscles make up more than ____ of birds’ weight
50%
- breast muscles: BIG and STRONG! (up to 35%)
- muscle and tendon -> lift wings
bird uses what to replace worn feathers
molt
Air travel from __ to ___ then back to ___
lungs -> air sacs -> lungs
Bird respiratory system includes:
- syrinx
- pneumatized bones
- NO thoracic-abdominal diaphragm
____ is important to cooling bird
respiration
- birds don’t sweat
Describe eyes
- HUGE, heavier than brain
- use UV to see colors
- monocular vision
Birds can distinguish difference in interval of sounds ____ than humans
better
Ear is also used or ____
balance
type of senses
- chemoreceptor
- POOR: 12-20 taste buds
(humans have 10k)
Describe. urogenital system
- removes N waste, water, other waste
NB: uric acid
migration
- day-length and migration
- guidance: sight, magnetic field, stars/sun
