Intro to biology Flashcards
What is life?
An imperfect replicating system that evolves by natural selection
Common themes of life? (GRRREEO)
Life is ordered
Life uses energy.
Life grows and develops.
Life responds to its environment.
Life regulates itself.
Life reproduces
Life has evolutionary adaptation
Why aren’t viruses living?
They need a host to survive
They don’t grow or develop
What consists of the Hierarchy of Life
- The biosphere
- Ecosystems
- Communities
- Populations
- Organisms
- Organs
- Tissues
- Cells
- Organelles (collection of molecules)
- molecules
What is the fundamental unit of life?
The cell
What are the types of cells?
- Eukaryotes
- Procaryotes
What are the properties of Eukaryotes?
One domain: Eukarya
Uses DNA as genetic code
Single celled or multicellular
Has a nucleus and internal compartments
What are the properties of Prokaryotes?
Two domains: Bacteria and Archaea
DNA as genetic code
No nucleus
Always single celled
Gene expression:
The entire process of DNA.
Replication, transcription, and translation
What are the 3 major domains of life?
- Bacteria
- Archaea
- Eukaryotes
What is a phenotype
A phenotype is the physical expression of the genotype (What we see)
Traits must be:
- Variable within the population
- Passed on from parent to offspring
- Affected by natural selection
Selection pressure
Favourable traits are passed on
Unfavourable traits are not passed on
What is the order of classification of organisms? (L, D, Keep Pond Clean Or Fish Get Sick)
- Life
2 Domain - Kingdom
- Phylum
- Class
- Order
- Family
- Genus
- Species
What organization system of organisms do we use?
The Linnaean classification system
Hypothesis
A proposed explanation based on observations that are testable
Theory
Supported by a large body of evidence and supported by independent hypotheses
Inductive reasoning
Generalizations based on many observations
Deductive reasoning
IF to THEN
logic that flows in the opposite direction from general to specific
Cause
Factor A leads to condition B
If i study, i will do well in the class
Correlation
When A changes, so does B
Heart rate increases with physical activity
How to form an inquiry?
- Make an observation
- Form a question
- Form a hypothesis
- Conduct an experiment
- Collect data
- Report the results
What are Phylogenetic trees?
The evolutionary relationship of organisms
