Evolution Flashcards
Name of Charles Darwins book that explains his findings about evolution
The Origin of Species
What is evolution?
Descent with modification by natural selection
Species are descendants of an ancestral species different from the one we see today
How is evolution both a pattern and a process?
Pattern: scientific evidence
Process: natural observed changes
Aristotle definition of evolution (384-322 BCE)
life is permanent, unchanging, and perfect
What was Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) known for?
He classified life according to their similarities aka based on what they looked like. Linnaean Classification of Taxonomy
Darwin’s theories were influenced by :
Fossils contained within layers of rock called strata
What did Georges Cuvier (1769-1832) observe?
There’s a difference in species between old strata and new strata because of catasyrophic events that lead to extinction
What did James Hutton (1726-1797) propose?
Earth’s geological features = slow process
What did Charles Lyell (1797-1875) propose?
Geological processes of the past are occurring at the same rate in the present
What did Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck (1744-1829) propose?
The first hypothesis for evolution
he suggested that evolutionary change explains the patterns seen in the fossils.
The use/disuse of body parts
Suggested the inheritence of characteristics
Suggested that organisms have a need to be more complex
What was the name of the ship Darwin traveled on?
The HMS Beagle
Name of the islands Darwin studied on?
The galapagos islands
Name of the birds he observed and what intrigued him?
Finches
Their beak shape changed based on their environment and food sources
What is Natural Selection?
Individuals that have certain traits tend to survive better and reproduce due to those traits
What are the three things that Darwin studied? (ECD
- How organisms are suited for their environment
- The shared characteristics of life
- The diversity of life