Integumentry System

Question 1

What components make up the integumentary system?

Answer 1

The skin, hair, nails, and a variety of glands

These components work together to protect the body and regulate various functions.

Question 2

List three functions of the skin.

Answer 2

• Forms body covering
• Waterproof barrier
• Regulates heat loss

Additional functions include providing a protective barrier and secreting sweat and oil.

Question 3

True or False: The skin serves as a protective barrier against mechanical, chemical, thermal, UV damage, and bacteria.

Answer 3

True

This is one of the critical functions of the skin.

Question 4

What is the outer layer of the skin called?

Answer 4

Epidermis

The epidermis is made up of dead cells and provides a waterproof covering.

Question 5

Fill in the blank: The inner layer of the skin is called the _______.

Answer 5

Dermis

The dermis contains various structures like blood vessels and sensory receptors.

Question 6

What type of muscle is associated with hair follicles?

Answer 6

Arrector Pili Muscle

This muscle is responsible for causing hair to stand up.

Question 7

What is the function of melanocytes in the skin?

Answer 7

Produce melanin

Melanin protects the skin from sun damage and contributes to skin color.

Question 8

What is keratin?

Answer 8

A tough, fibrous protein

Keratin is formed by older cells in the epidermis and creates a waterproof covering.

Question 9

What layer is located beneath the dermis?

Answer 9

Hypodermis

The hypodermis consists of fat and loose connective tissue that insulates the body.

Question 10

List three components found in the dermis.

Answer 10

• Collagen fibers
• Blood vessels
• Nerve endings

The dermis plays a crucial role in supporting the skin and providing it with nutrients.

Question 11

True or False: The epidermis is made up entirely of living cells.

Answer 11

False

The outer layer of the epidermis consists of dead cells, while the inner layer contains living cells.

Question 12

What sensory information does the skin provide?

Answer 12

• Touch
• Pressure
• Temperature
• Pain

These sensations are detected by sensory receptors located in the skin.

Question 13

What are the two major types of glands found in the dermis?

Answer 13

Sweat glands and sebaceous (oil) glands

Sweat glands help regulate body temperature and remove wastes, while sebaceous glands produce sebum for skin flexibility and waterproofing.

Question 14

What is the primary function of sweat glands?

Answer 14

To produce sweat that cools the body and removes wastes

Sweat evaporation helps reduce body temperature.

Question 15

What oily secretion do sebaceous glands produce?

Answer 15

Sebum

Sebum keeps the skin flexible and waterproof.

Question 16

List three functions of hair.

Answer 16

• Protects the scalp from UV light
• Provides insulation from cold
• Shields eyes from dirt and UV light

Hair is less useful now due to the availability of clothing.

Question 17

What are hair follicles?

Answer 17

Tubelike pockets of epidermal cells that extend into the dermis

Hair follicles are responsible for hair production.

Question 18

What causes gray hair?

Answer 18

The absence of melanin

Melanin is responsible for the color of hair.

Question 19

How are nails formed?

Answer 19

From rapidly dividing cells in the nail root that fill with keratin

This process produces a platelike nail that covers and protects fingertips and toes.

Question 20

What are the components of a nail structure? (List them)

Answer 20

• Nail plate
• Lunula
• Cuticle
• Nail bed
• Nail root matrix

These components work together to form and protect the nail.

Question 21

True or False: Nails grow from the edge of the nail.

Answer 21

False

Nails grow from the nail root.