Respiratory System

Question 1

What are the five functions of the respiratory system?

Answer 1

1. Movement of air
2. Gas exchanger
3. Filters, warms and humidifies air
4. Influences speech
5. Allows for sense of smell

Question 2

What is the path through the respiratory system?

Answer 2

1. Nose
2. Pharynx
3. Larynx
4. Trachea
5. Bronchi
6. Lungs

Question 3

What does the epiglottis do?

Answer 3

A: covers the entrance of the trachea when you swallow

Question 4

What is the larynx? (What does it contain?)

Answer 4

A: it contains two elastic folds of tissue called vocal cords

Question 5

What is another name for the trachea?

Answer 5

A: windpipe

Question 6

What does the trachea have?

Answer 6

A: rings of cartilage

Question 7

What is a tracheostomy?

Answer 7

A: a surgically created opening in the trachea to allow breathing

Question 8

After air passes through the trachea, where does it go to?

Answer 8

A: two large passageways in the chest called bronchi

Question 9

Where does each bronchus lead to?

Answer 9

A: one of the lungs

Question 10

In each lung, what does the bronchus subdivide into?

Answer 10

A: bronchioles

Question 11

What do bronchioles subdivide into?

Answer 11

A: millions of tiny air sacs called alveoli

Question 12

What is tidal volume?

Answer 12

A: amount of air exhaled normally after a typical inspiration

Question 13

What is expiratory reserve volume?

Answer 13

A: additional amount of air forced out after tidal exhale

Question 14

What is inspiratory reserve volume?

Answer 14

A: (deep breath) amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled over and above normal

Question 15

What is residual volume?

Answer 15

A: amount of air that stays trapped in the alveoli

Question 16

What is vital capacity?

Answer 16

A: the largest amount of air an individual can move in and out of the lungs

Question 17

What is eupnea?

Answer 17

A: normal quiet breathing

Question 18

What is hyperpnea?

Answer 18

A: increase in breathing to meet an increased demand of oxygen

Question 19

What is hyperventilation?

Answer 19

A: exhaling more than inhaling, resulting in too little CO2 in the blood

Question 20

What is apnea?

Answer 20

A: temporary stop of breathing at the end of a normal exhale

Question 21

What is asthma? What is it caused by? Is it reversible?

Answer 21

A: severe allergic reaction characterized by the closing up of the bronchioles. It is caused by gene changes and environmental triggers. It is reversible.

Question 22

What is bronchitis? What is it caused by?

Answer 22

A: inflammation of the lining of the bronchioles, sometimes with mucus build-up. Caused by an infection or underlying health condition

Question 23

What is emphysema?

Answer 23

A: lungs lose their elasticity

Question 24

What does COPD stand for? What is it, and what does it include?

Answer 24

A: chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder. A disease that continues to worsen and is not reversible. It includes asthma, emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

Question 25

What is pneumonia? What is it caused by?

Answer 25

A lung infection where the alveoli fill with pus and other liquids. It’s caused by bacteria, viruses and fungi.

Question 26

What is strep throat? What is it caused by?

Answer 26

A: an infection of the throat and tonsils, caused by a bacteria called streptococcus pyogens

Question 27

What is a pulmonary embolism?

Answer 27

A: a blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries in your lungs

Question 28

What are five ways to improve the respiratory health?

Answer 28

1. Exercise
2. Avoid asbestos
3. Avoid air pollution
4. Avoid smoke of all types
5. Avoid radon exposure