Reproductive System Flashcards
How many ovaries does a female have?
A: two
What are the ovaries?
A: pouches containing ova
Are females born with all of their eggs?
A: yes
How many eggs is a woman born with?
A: 400,000
How many eggs are used?
A: 500
What is ovulation?
A: release of an egg from the ovary
An egg is released from an ovary into the _______.
A: oviduct
What is another name for “oviduct”?
A: fallopian tube
How is the egg pushed along the oviduct?
A: cilia
What is the cervix?
A: opening between the uterus and the vagina
What size is the cervix normally?
A: tiny
What happens to the cervix when a woman is giving birth (in labour)?
A: muscles pull it open (dilation)
What is the menstrual cycle controlled by?
A: hormones
What are the four main hormones that control the menstrual cycle?
- Estrogen
- Progesterone
- LH
- FSH
What does LH stand for?
A: luteinizing hormone
What does FSH stand for?
A: follicle stimulating hormone
How long does the menstrual cycle usually last?
A: 28 days
How many stages are in the menstrual cycle?
A: 3
What are the three stages in the menstrual cycle?
- Shed uterus lining
- Rebuild lining
- Provide blood flow for a baby
What day is the egg released into the oviduct?
A: around day fourteen
When is a woman most fertile?
A: within a few days after the egg is released
What is a fertilized egg called?
A: zygote
Where is the zygote implanted?
A: into the uterus wall
How many sperm does a testicle produce each day?
A: eighty five million
Why are the testes outside of the body?
A: they need to be one to two degrees colder than body temperature
What is the vas deferens?
A: the tube that sperm travels through
What is a vasectomy?
A: when the vas deferens is cut and seal off
What does a vasectomy do?
A: prevent sperm from exiting the vas deferens
How many sperm does semen contain?
A: three hundred to five hundred million
What are the three things semen contains?
- Three hundred to five hundred million sperm
- Sperm food
- pH buffers
Why does semen contain pH buffers?
A: to neutralize the acidity in the female’s reproductive system
What adds the pH buffers and sperm food?
A: the prostate gland
What adds lubricant to help sperm travel through the urethra?
A: bulbourethral gland
Where is sperm stored and matured after being produced from the testes?
A: the epididymis
What is cervical cancer linked to?
A: HPV
How can cervical cancer be detected?
A: with a Pap smear
What does HPV stand for?
A: human papillomavirus
What is endometriosis?
A: when tissue normally lining the inside of the uterus grows outside the uterus
Prostate cancer is the _____ leading cause of death from cancer.
A: third
What is prostate cancer?
A: a growing tumour on the prostate
What does prostate cancer cause?
A: obstruction of urine flow
What is erectile dysfunction?
A: the inability to get and keep and erection firm enough for sex
What causes erectile dysfunction?
A: mental state (anxiety, stress, depression), blood flow problems and medications
