Excretory System Flashcards
What does every cell produce?
A: wastes
What is the process by which wastes are limited called?
A: excretory
What does the skin excrete?
A: access water, and salts in the form of sweat
What do the lungs excrete?
A: carbon dioxide
What do the kidneys do?
A: play a major role in excretion
What’s three things does the kidneys do?
- Remove waste products from the blood
- Maintain blood pH.
- Regulate the water content of the blood and blood volume.
Where are the kidneys located?
A: on either side of the spinal column near the lower back
What is the ureter?
A: a tube that leaves each kidney carrying urine into the urinary bladder
What is the urinary bladder?
A stack like origin where urine is stored
How does blood enter the kidneys?
The renal artery
What does the kidney remove from blood?
Access water and waste products
Where does clean filtered blood leave the kidney through
The renal vein
What are the two distinct regions of the kidneys?
A: the renal medulla and the renal cortex
What’s the outer part of the kidney called?
A: renal cortex
What’s the inner part of the kidneys called?
A: the renal medulla
What is the part of the kidneys that do all the work?
A: nephrons
What three blood supplies does the nephron have?
- arteriole
- Venule
- A network of capillaries connecting them.
Where are impurities filtered out and emptied into?
The collecting duct
Does the blood enter through an arteriole or venule?
A: enter the arteriole
What processes in blood purification?
A: filtration and reabsorption
What’s filtration?
A: passing a liquid or gas through a filter to remove wastes
Where does the filtration of blood mainly take place?
A: in the glomerulus
What’s the glomerulus?
A: a small network of capillaries in case in the top of the nephron by a hollow cup shaped structure called Bowman’s capsule
Where does fluid from blood flow to?
A: bowman’s capsule
Are both good and bad things filtered from the blood?
Yes
What are two large to pass through the capillary walls?
Cells
Most of what removed from the blood at Bowmans capsule makes its way back into the blood?
Material
What is reabsorption?
The process in which liquid is taken back into a vessel
What percentage is the water that enters Bowmans capsule is reabsorbed into the blood?
99%
When have most water and nutrients been re-absorbed into the blood?
When the filtrate drains in the collecting duct
What is the remaining material called? Where is it emptied to?
Urine. Collecting duct.
Where is urine primarily concentrated?
In the loop of henle
Where is water stay or go to the bladder?
The loop of henle
Where is urine collected?
Bladder
What is the tube where urine is released called?
Urethra
What is what the kidneys do dependent on?
What is in the blood?
When the amount of water in the blood increases, what happens?
The rate of water reabsorption in the kidneys decrease
When the kidneys detect an increase in salt, what happens?
They respond by returning less salt to the blood
What happens to the excess salt?
It goes into the urine
Can human survive with one kidney
Yes
What are the two options if both kidneys are damaged
- Kidney transplant.
- Kidney dialysis.
