Muscular System Flashcards
What are the four things the muscular system helps with?
- Move
- Pump blood
- Digest food
- Maintain body temperature
What percentage of body weight is muscle?
A: more than 50%
What are the two things muscles are made up of?
- Proteins
- Water
About how many muscles are there in the human body?
A: 650
What three things do muscles enable us to do?
- Move
- Maintain posture
- Generate heat
What are the three types of muscles?
- Cardiac
- Skeletal
- Smooth
Where are skeletal muscles found?
A: in limbs
Are skeletal muscles striated?
A: yes
How many nuclei are in one cell of a skeletal muscle?
A: three
Are skeletal muscles involuntary or voluntary?
A: voluntary
How are most skeletal muscles attached to bones?
A: by tendons
What are the four things skeletal muscles do?
- Move
- Maintain posture
- Generate heat
- Stabilize joints
Where are cardiac muscles found?
A: in the heart of
Are cardiac muscles striated?
A: yes
How many nuclei does one cell in a cardiac muscle contain?
A: one
Are cardiac muscles involuntary or voluntary?
A: involuntary
What is the main muscle of the heart?
A: cardiac muscle
What muscle is only found in the heart?
A: cardiac muscle
What is the pumping mass of the heart?
A: cardiac muscle
Cardiac muscle is ________ in humans.
A: critical
Cardiac muscle makes the heart always ________ to its full extent.
A: contract
Where is smooth muscle found?
A: in the walls of hollow internal organs
Are smooth muscles striated?
A: no
Are smooth muscles involuntary or voluntary?
A: involuntary
Where does the energy for muscle contractions come from?
A: the mitochondria of the muscle cells
What do the mitochondria require?
A: oxygen
When muscles are overworked, can they still get some energy without oxygen? What does this produce?
A: yes, lactic acid
What does lactic acid do?
A: produces a burning sensation
What does the burning sensation that lactic acid produces do?
A: forces you to relax your muscles
What is ALS?
A: a nervous system disease
What does ALS affect?
A: nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord
What does ALS cause?
A: loss of muscle control
What is ALS sometimes referred to as?
A: Lou Gehrig’s disease
What is fibromyalgia?
A: chronic pain in muscles and bones
What is an affect of fibromyalgia?
A: the brain nerves misinterpret or overreact to normal pain signals
What might cause fibromyalgia?
A: chemical imbalance in the brain
What is a sprain?
A: stretches or tears in ligaments
What is a strain?
A: stretches or tears in muscles or tendons
What is muscular dystrophy?
A: a group of diseases
What does muscular dystrophy cause?
A: weakness and loss of muscle
In muscular dystrophy, ________ genes (mutations) interfere with the production of ________ needed to form healthy muscle.
A: abnormal, proteins
What is ALS? What does it affect? What does it cause? What is an alternative name for it?
A: a nervous system disease. Nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. Loss of muscle control. Lou Gehrig’s disease.
What is fibromyalgia? What does it do? What is it caused by?
A: chronic pain in muscles and bones. The brain misinterprets and overreacts to normal pain signals. Chemical imbalance in the brain.
What is muscular dystrophy? What does it cause? How is it caused?
A: a group of diseases. Weakness and loss of muscle. Abnormal genes interfere with the production of proteins needed to form healthy muscle.
